市场调查报告书
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1341022
氢气存储市场:按条件、按存储类型、按技术、按最终用户、按地区、机会、预测,2016-2030 年Hydrogen Gas Storage Market Assessment, By State, By Storage Type, By Technology, By End-user, By Region, Opportunities and Forecast, 2016-2030F |
2022年氢气储存市场规模为25.1114亿美元,在2023年至2030年的预测期内復合年增长率为8.3%,预计到2030年将达到47.522亿美元。 氢元素是元素週期表中的第一个元素,它质量轻、能量密集、可储存,适合多种形式的多学科应用。 与其他元素不同,与其他燃料相比,氢具有最高的单位质量能量。 清洁氢被认为是世界各地各种项目的重要燃料来源,研究正在帮助扩大该技术的规模。 在发电中,氢存储可用于存储可再生能源,可用于燃气轮机。
随着全球不断努力减少碳基燃料的使用和排放,氢燃料电池的重要性与日俱增,从小型电子设备到大型运输车辆、航空,甚至电力,包括人类社会。被描述为帮助为开发项目创建更环保的解决方案。 根据应用,氢气可以以液体或气体形式储存。 以气体形式储存氢气通常需要高压罐(5,000-10,000 psi),而以液体形式储存则需要低温。 氢也可以储存在固体材料之中或之上,称为吸附或吸附。
储存氢的难度与多种参数有关,例如其体积能量密度低以及比氦轻的元素。 液态氢由于在太空旅行中广泛使用而受到需求,但它也带来了独特的挑战,最常见的是存储温度低。 为了防止液态氢变成气态,温度必须低于-252.8℃。 压缩是在压缩氢气之前对其进行冷却,这是与低温冷却一起发展起来的储氢过程。 该过程所需的能量相当于可用于压缩的能量的 9-12% 和可用于液化的能量的大约 30%。
此外,氢还可以在各种过程中使用材料来储存。 使用固体材料和液体的氢化物储存被广泛用于储氢。 在工业规模上,地下储氢可以利用盐穴、废弃的油气井以及含水层来完成。 多余的氢气可以注入多个天然气网络以生产富氢天然气(HENG)。
氢通常被认为是一种具有接近零温室气体排放潜力的燃料。 氢气可以通过多种来源生产,并可用于通过单独的燃料电池发电。 仅排放水蒸气和暖空气,使氢气成为纯净环保的燃料。 当地的各种自然资源,如煤炭、天然气、太阳能和风能,都是潜在的氢气生产来源,可有效用作电动汽车的燃料电池。 氢燃料可增强全球能源安全、节约石油储备并改善能源运输。 与汽车中的传统燃料不同,它们会排放有害的一氧化二氮、碳氢化合物和不需要的颗粒物,这些颗粒物被认为是主要污染物。 但氢动力汽车是热爱自然的汽车,因为它们只排放水和暖空气。 因此,氢有可能迴避到 2050 年实现全球净零排放的巨大挑战。
本报告考察了全球氢气存储市场,提供了市场概况,包括现状、存储类型、技术、最终用户、区域趋势以及进入市场的公司概况。
The Hydrogen Gas Storage Market size was valued at USD 2511.14 million in 2022, expected to reach USD 4752.2 million in 2030 with a CAGR of 8.3% for the forecast period between 2023 and 2030. The hydrogen element is the first one in the periodic table, which is light, energy-dense, storable, and commensurate with its application in various forms across multi-domains. Unlikely other elements, hydrogen has the highest energy per mass compared to other fuels. Clean hydrogen is considered an essential source of fuel for various projects across the globe, and research is driving us to scale up technologies. In power generation, hydrogen storage leads to storing renewable energy, which can be used in gas turbines.
With the continuous global efforts to reduce emissions and the use of carbon-based fuels, the importance of hydrogen fuel cells can be accounted for as it assists in creating a greener solution to the power development projects, including small electronic devices to huge-carrying vehicles, aviation, and the human community. Hydrogen can be stored as liquid or gas according to the required applications. High-pressure tanks (5000-10000 psi) are usually needed for storing hydrogen in gaseous form, while cryogenic temperatures drive hydrogen storage in liquid form. Hydrogen can also be stored within solid materials or on the surface, called absorption and adsorption.
The various parameters, such as low volumetric energy density and lightest element than Helium, account for the difficulty in storing hydrogen. Liquid hydrogen, which is in demand for being used extensively in space travel, has specific challenges; the most common is low storage temperature. Cryogenically, hydrogen can be stored in liquid form where the temperature must be lower than -252.8°C to prevent liquid hydrogen from converting into gaseous form. Subsequently, compression, along with cryogenic cooling, is an advanced developed process for storing hydrogen where the hydrogen is cooled before compressing it. The energy required using this process is equivalent to 9-12% of the energy available for compression and around 30% liquefaction.
To a further extent, hydrogen can also be stored using materials with different processes. Hydride storage, which uses solid materials and liquid, has been extensively used for storing hydrogen. On an industrial scale, underground hydrogen storage can be obtained using salt caverns, abandoned oil and gas wells, or aquifers. Surplus hydrogen can be inserted into the multiple gas network to generate hydrogen-enriched natural gas (HENG), which could be an alternative to underground cavern storage.
Hydrogen is generally considered a potential fuel that is on the mark of near-zero greenhouse gas emissions. It can be generated from diverse resources that impulse to produce electric power in a different fuel cell. The emitted elements are only water vapor and warm air, making hydrogen a pure, environmentally friendly fuel. Locally various natural resources such as coal, natural gas, solar energy, wind, etc., can be a prominent source to produce hydrogen, substantially serving as a fuel cell for electric vehicles. Hydrogen fuel strengthens global energy security, preserves petroleum reserves, and transforms energy transportation into a better one. Unlikely emissions from conventional fuels from vehicles are harmful nitrous oxides, hydrocarbons, and unwanted particulates, which is considered a significant pollutant. Still, hydrogen-powered fuel vehicles indispensably produce only water and warm air, ultimately making them nature-loving. Consequently, hydrogen carries the potential to circumvent significant challenges to meet net zero emissions globally by 2050.
With the increasing demand for the mobility of compressed hydrogen systems, the capacities and pressure of tube trailers has significantly increased to 1000 kg of hydrogen at 500 bar, the largest. Cryostars' transferable system is very effective as their systems are equipped with a wide range of compressed hydrogen container filling pumps with larger capacities and lower power consumptions than usual compressors.
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to unprecedented economic crises, affecting the clean hydrogen sector. During the outbreak, a significant lagging has occurred in the adoption and commercial roll-out of pure hydrogen. The momentum of building hydrogen storage infrastructure has slowed as annual installations of energy storage subsequently declined-the structures of the power grid scale fell by around 20%, which created uncertainties around battery safety. The COVID-19 outbreak has impacted several clean hydrogen projects using CCUS technology due to supply chain disruptions, a global economic downturn, and a fall in effective capital investment across energy sectors. Despite various troubles and uncertainties with the growth, there are more rising opportunities to mobilize investments toward clean hydrogen energy storage.
The annexation of Russia on Ukraine has developed sternness in energy security globally, which resembles the center of the geopolitical conversation. The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) has proposed a strategy for the emergence of clean hydrogen as a mainstream source which aims to reevaluate global trade relations, minimize the dependence, and shift the power far away from oil and gas-dominating countries, including Russia and gulf regions. The invasion has soared energy prices globally, which drives 25 countries to commit an investment of around USD 73 billion in fresh lower-cost green hydrogen. A progressive acceleration in the buy to produce clean hydrogen assets has inspired investors across the globe as they are looking at hydrogen as an alternative fuel source.
In October 2022, the cost of pure green hydrogen ranges between USD3.8 to 5.8 per kg, and the impact of war has led to lower prices in a very short time interval. Massive energy importers like Morocco, Chile, and Namibia have already developed strategies to become green hydrogen producers and exporters.
Prominent companies are heavily investing in sustainability goals to develop technologies for producing green energy. FuelCell Energy Inc., a key player in the green hydrogen industry, offers an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional energy generation. The company's specifications can be admired in different applications such as designing, manufacturing, and operating fuel cell power plants. The company has already implemented operations in over 50 countries, from which only 21 power plants are established in South Korea. It uses trigeneration technology to generate green hydrogen from natural gas or biogas, extending its domain to serve commercial and industrial clients across the globe.
All segments will be provided for all regions and countries covered
Companies mentioned above DO NOT hold any order as per market share and can be changed as per information available during research work