监管、所有权和融资对微电网采用的影响

微电网长期以来一直用于为无法可靠或无法使用常规电网的离网和偏远社区提供能源弹性，并在紧急情况下为关键基础设施提供可靠的能源。

随着太阳能光电和储能等再生分散式能源（DER）的兴起，微电网在寻求提高弹性和永续性的上网客户中越来越受欢迎，最近，在努力将负载连接到电网的客户中也越来越受欢迎。

然而，每个专案都是独一无二的，用例也很新颖，这意味着单一微电网不能完全适应监管制度，影响其经济可行性。

本报告对微电网监管与 DER 之间的关係提供了策略见解，重点介绍了用例和适用的商业案例。报告探讨了不同国家的监管机构、开发商和金融机构如何解决监管和融资问题。

目录

概述

• 成本节约与电网弹性推动微电网的采用
• 监管、所有权和融资是微电网采用的主要障碍
• 微电网商业模式与用例和所有权模式密切相关

建议

• 能源即服务（EaaS）合约对开发者和客户都有利
• 监管机构和开发商需要对微电网进行标准化
• 监理机关应确保微电网开发商的投资受到保护
• 私人金融机构需要增加对微电网的了解和兴趣

Microgrids have long been used to provide energy resilience to off-grid and remote communities where regular grid access is unreliable or nonexistent, as well as to supply critical infrastructure with reliable energy in case of emergencies.

The growth of renewable distributed energy resources (DER) in the form of solar PV, storage, and other technologies has increased the popularity of microgrids for on-grid customers who want to increase resilience, sustainability and, increasingly, those struggling to connect loads to the grid.

However, because individual projects are unique and use cases are novel, individual microgrids do not fit neatly into regulatory regimes, which affects their economic viability.

This strategy insight examines the relationship between microgrid regulation and DER, illustrated with use cases and applicable business cases. It then explores how regulators, developers, and financiers in different countries have addressed regulatory and financing questions.

Table of Contents

Context

This report covers the following:

• Cost reduction and grid resilience drive microgrid adoption
• Regulation, ownership, and financing are key barriers to microgrid adoption
• Microgrid business models are closely tied to use cases and ownership models

Recommendations

Guidehouse Insights recommends the following:

• Energy as a service (EaaS) contracts benefit both the developer and the customer
• Regulators and developers must standardize microgrids
• Regulators should ensure a microgrid developers' investments are protected
• Private financiers should increase their knowledge of and exposure to microgrids