New report on the use of CO2 for chemicals, advanced fuels, polymers, proteins and minerals by nova-Institute - A deep and comprehensive insight into the evolving technologies, trends and the dynamically growing market of CO2 transformation and utilisation.
Several successfully implemented technologies are now in commercial use, and many more are at the laboratory and pilot stage. A current total production capacity of novel CO2-based products of about 1.3 Mt/a in 2022 is observed. The production capacity in 2022 is dominated by the production of CO2-based aromatic polycarbonates, ethanol from captured CO/CO2, aliphatic polycarbonate and methanol. By 2030, the capacity outlook for CO2-based products is expected to exceed 6 Mt/a of CO2-based products. High dynamic growth is observed for methanol projects, methane plants, ethanol and hydrocarbons - the latter especially for the aviation sector. The potential of CCU has been recognised by several global brands which are already expanding their feedstock portfolio. However, in Europe, investments and prospects for CO2 utilisation are largely undermined by a lack of political support. In contrast, we see supportive policies in China as well as in the US with the Inflation Reduction Act. Such smart policies are needed to bridge the gap between now and 2050 for companies to remain competitive in the sustainable transformation.
nova-Institute's new report examines this renewable carbon source in detail:
- Which products can be made from CO2, and by which processes?
- To which extend have the technologies already been developed and implemented in pilot, demonstration and commercial plants?
- Which companies are working on technologies to uses CO2 as a feedstock?
- What are the trends in CO2 utilisation in the coming years?
This report addresses the fuel, chemical and materials industries, brands, technology scouts, investors, and policy makers. The report provides 240 pages of information on CO2 utilisation. All the 116 companies mentioned are described in detailed profiles.
Table of Contents
1. Executive summary
2. Introduction
- 2.1. What is Carbon Capture & Utilisation (CCU)?
- 2.2. CCU, CCS (Carbon Capture & Sequestration) and CDR (Carbon Dioxide Removal)
- 2.3. How sustainable is the utilisation of captured carbon?
- 2.4. Policy overview for CCU
- 2.5. Carbon capture
- 2.5.1. Carbon capture technologies and methods
- 2.5.2. Selection of carbon capture companies and projects
- 2.6. Renewable energy and production of hydrogen
- 2.6.1. Green hydrogen production
- 2.6.2. Selection of green hydrogen companies and projects
- 2.7. Catalysis for CO2 utilisation
- 2.8. Current and future commercial availability of CO2-based products
3. CO2-based chemicals and fuels
- 3.1. Conventional chemical conversion of CO2
- 3.1.1. Direct use of CO2
- 3.1.2. Urea
- 3.1.3. Salicylic acid
- 3.1.4. Ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate
- 3.2. Chemical conversion to CO2-based chemicals and fuels
- 3.2.1. Carbon monoxide and syngas
- 3.2.2. Methane
- 3.2.3. Methanol
- 3.2.4. Fisher-Tropsch hydrocarbons
- 3.2.5. Other cyclic carbonate esters
- 3.2.6. Acrylates
- 3.3. Electrochemical conversion to CO2-based chemicals and fuels
- 3.4. Biotechnological conversion to CO2-based chemicals and fuels
4. CO2-based polymers
- 4.1. Direct chemical conversion to aliphatic polycarbonates
- 4.2. Direct chemical conversion to polycarbonates polyols
- 4.3. Direct biotechnological conversion to polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)
- 4.4. Indirect conversion of CO2 to polymers via CO2-based building blocks
- 4.4.1. Polymers made from CO2-based hydrocarbons
- 4.4.2. Polymers made from CO2-based methanol
- 4.4.3. Polymers made from CO2-based cyclic carbonates
- 4.4.4. Polymers made from CO2-based acrylates
- 4.4.5. Other polymers made from CO2-based chemicals
- 4.5. Other routes to CO2-based polymers
5. CO2-based proteins
6. Mineralisation with CO2
7. Profiles of key players in CO2 utilisation technologies
- 7.1. Abel Energy
- 7.2. Air Company
- 7.3. Air Protein
- 7.4. Aljadix
- 7.5. Arborea
- 7.6. Arkeon Biotechnologies
- 7.7. Asahi Kasei
- 7.8. Avantium
- 7.9. Avecom
- 7.10. b.fab
- 7.11. BASF
- 7.12. Bio-on
- 7.13. BioMCN
- 7.14. Blue Planet Systems
- 7.15. BRAIN
- 7.16. Braskem
- 7.17. Breathe Applied Sciences
- 7.18. bse Methanol
- 7.19. C4X Technologies
- 7.20. Calidris Bio
- 7.21. CarbiCrete
- 7.22. Carbon8
- 7.23. Carbonade
- 7.24. CarbonCure
- 7.25. CarbonFree
- 7.26. Carbon one
- 7.27. Carbon Recycling International
- 7.28. Cellana
- 7.29. Cemvita Factory
- 7.30. CERT Systems
- 7.31. CO2BioClean
- 7.32. Coval Energy
- 7.33. Covestro
- 7.34. Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- 7.35. Deep Branch Biotechnology
- 7.36. Denka Company
- 7.37. Dimensional Energy
- 7.38. Dioxide Materials
- 7.39. Dow
- 7.40. Econic Technologies
- 7.41. EEW
- 7.42. Electrochaea
- 7.43. Empower Materials
- 7.44. Evonik Operations (Rheticus project)
- 7.45. Fairway Methanol
- 7.46. Fortera
- 7.47. GreenOre
- 7.48. greenSand
- 7.49. Hago Energetics
- 7.50. HeidelbergCement
- 7.51. Hitachi Zosen Inova
- 7.52. Hyundai Motor Group
- 7.53. INERATEC
- 7.54. Infinium
- 7.55. Inner Mongolia Mengxi High-Tech Group
- 7.56. Jiangsu Zhongke Jinlong-CAS Chemical
- 7.57. Jilin Boda New Materials
- 7.58. Johnson Matthey
- 7.59. Kiverdi
- 7.60. Krajete
- 7.61. LanzaTech
- 7.62. Liquid Wind
- 7.63. MAN Energy Solutions
- 7.64. Mango Materials
- 7.65. Mantra Energy Alternatives
- 7.66. Methanology
- 7.67. Mineral Carbonation International
- 7.68. Mitsubishi Group
- 7.69. NatureWorks/Calysta
- 7.70. Newlight Technologies
- 7.71. Nordic Electrofuel
- 7.72. Norner
- 7.73. Novomer/Danimer
- 7.74. NovoNutrients
- 7.75. OCOchem
- 7.76. Omega Green
- 7.77. OMV
- 7.78. Orbix
- 7.79. P2X Europe
- 7.80. Perstorp
- 7.81. Photanol
- 7.82. Phytonix
- 7.83. Pond Technologies
- 7.84. Power to Methanol Antwerp
- 7.85. Prometheus Fuels
- 7.86. Renewable Hydrogen Canada
- 7.87. RenewCO2
- 7.88. Repsol
- 7.89. SAF + Consortium
- 7.90. Saudi Aramco
- 7.91. SCHAEFER KALK
- 7.92. SecondCircle
- 7.93. SeeO2 Energy
- 7.94. Shell
- 7.95. Siemens Energy
- 7.96. SK Innovation
- 7.97. Skyre
- 7.98. Solar Foods
- 7.99. Solidia
- 7.100. Solmeyea
- 7.101. Sunfire
- 7.102. Swiss Liquid Future
- 7.103. Synhelion
- 7.104. Synkero
- 7.105. Taizhou Bangfeng Plastic
- 7.106. Thyssenkrupp
- 7.107. Tianguan Group
- 7.108. TNO (VoltaChem)
- 7.109. Topsoe
- 7.110. Twelve
- 7.111. Uniper
- 7.112. University of Tübingen
- 7.113. ViridiCO2
- 7.114. VITO
- 7.115. VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland
- 7.116. Wärtsilä
List of acronyms
References