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全球氢气市场 2023-2030Global Hydrogen Generation Market 2023-2030 |
预计全球製氢市场在预测期内(2023-2030年)复合CAGR将达到11.1%。整合绿氢的日益普及加上绿氢的大规模生产是支持氢能成长的关键因素全球市场。市场参与者的伙伴关係透过推动工业、发电、交通和农业脱碳,从而缓解气候变迁并确保能源独立,有助于建立经济永续发展的基本支柱。市场参与者也专注于推出氢气生产解决方案,以进一步促进市场成长。例如,2022年6月,阿达尼集团和Total Energies创建了全球绿氢生态系统。阿达尼新工业有限公司将投资 500 亿美元发展绿氢能。透过合作,共同打造全球最大的绿氢生态系统。在这一策略联盟中,道达尔能源公司从阿达尼企业有限公司 (AEL) 手中收购了阿达尼新工业有限公司 (ANIL) 25.0% 的少数股权。然而,该技术的高成本可能会限制其市场成长。
全球氢气生产市场按技术、来源和应用进行细分。根据技术,市场分为蒸汽甲烷重整、煤气化和其他(自动热重整)。根据来源,市场分为天然气、煤炭、生物质和水。此外,根据应用,市场细分为甲醇生产、氨生产、炼油、运输、发电和其他(能源储存)。在这些技术中,蒸汽甲烷重整子细分市场预计将占据主导地位。由于生产的氢气产量最高,因此占据了相当大的市场份额。蒸汽重整製程的效率约为65.0%至75.0%,是目前商业化生产方法中最高的。
其中,发电细分领域预计将在全球氢气生产市场中占据相当大的份额。该细分市场的成长归因于脱碳社会的影响力日益增强,全球多个国家和区域市场参与者已宣布打算在2050 年将温室气体总体排放量降至零。例如,2021 年10 月,松下公司推出了纯氢燃料电池发电机,透过与空气中的高纯度氢气和氧气发生化学反应来发电。此外,这种发电需要一个系统将多余的电力储存在蓄电池或透过其他方式来补偿电力短缺。
全球氢气市场根据地理位置进一步细分,包括北美(美国和加拿大)、欧洲(英国、义大利、西班牙、德国、法国和欧洲其他地区)、亚太地区(印度、中国、日本) 、韩国和亚洲其他地区)以及世界其他地区(中东和非洲以及拉丁美洲)。其中,由于北美地区的成长,预计将在全球市场中占据显着份额。使用蒸汽甲烷重整技术生产甲醇和氨。
在所有地区中,亚太地区预计在预测期内将以可观的CAGR成长。区域增长归因于生命週期操作系统的开发,以有效管理氢气的生产、储存和利用过程。例如,2023 年 10 月,斗山能源宣布其利用风能供电的济州绿色氢气工厂已开始商业运作。 3.3MW济州绿色氢气工厂是韩国最大的绿色氢气生产工厂,是由斗山能源公司等九家公司和机构参与的国家级项目,济州能源公司作为主承包商。
根据国际能源总署(IEA)预测,2023年7月,专用氢生产主要基于化石燃料技术,全球氢供应量的约六分之一来自「副产品」氢,主要来自石化产业。到2022年,专用氢气生产能源需求的70.0%由天然气和约30.0%煤炭满足(主要用于中国,仅中国就占全球氢气生产煤炭消耗的90.0%)。儘管与2021 年相比增长了5.0%,但2022 年低排放氢气产量仅占氢气总产量的不到1.0%。低排放氢气产量的增加得益于130*MW 的电解产能以及中国开始运营的一个氢气计画CCUS 将于 2022 年投入运营,以煤炭为原料进行生产。
Global Hydrogen Generation Market Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report by Technology (Steam Methane Reforming, Coal Gasification and Others), by Source (Natural Gas, Coal, Biomass and Water), and by Application (Methanol production, Ammonia Production, Petroleum Refining, Transportation, Power Generation and Others), Forecast Period (2023-2030)
The global hydrogen generation market is anticipated to grow at a significant CAGR of 11.1% during the forecast period (2023-2030).The growing adoption of integrated green hydrogen coupled with the large scale generation of green hydrogen is the key factor supporting the growth of the market globally. Market players partnership helps to build the fundamental pillars of economic sustainability by driving decarbonization of industry, power generation, mobility, and agriculture thereby mitigating climate change, and ensuring energy independence. The market players are also focusing on introducing hydrogen generation solutions that further bolster the market growth. For instance, in June 2022, Adani Group and Total Energies created the global green hydrogen ecosystem. Adani New Industries Ltd. to invest $50 Billion in green hydrogen. Through partnership to jointly create the global largest green hydrogen ecosystem. In this strategic alliance, Total Energies acquired a 25.0% minority interest in Adani New Industries Ltd (ANIL) from Adani Enterprises Ltd (AEL). However, the high cost of this technology may restrain its market growth.
The global hydrogen generation market is segmented on the technology, source, and application. Based on the technology, the market is sub-segmented into steam methane reforming, coal gasification and others (auto thermal reforming). Based on the source, the market is sub-segmented into natural gas, coal, biomass and water. Further, on the basis of application, the market is sub-segmented into methanol production, ammonia production, petroleum refining, transportation, power generation and others (energy storage).Among the technology, the steam methane reforming sub-segment is anticipated to hold a considerable share of the market owing to producing the highest yield of hydrogen. The efficiency of the steam reforming process is about 65.0% to 75.0%, among the highest of current commercially available production methods.
Among the application, the power generation sub-segment is expected to hold a considerable share of the global hydrogen generation market. The segmental growth is attributed to the growing influence of decarbonized society, several countries and regional market player around the globe have declared their intention to reduce their overall emissions of greenhouse gases to zero by 2050. For instance, in October 2021, Panasonic Corp. launched a pure hydrogen fuel cell generator, that generates power through a chemical reaction with high-purity hydrogen and oxygen in the air. Moreover, such power generation requires a system to store surplus power in storage batteries or via other methods and compensate for power shortages.
The global hydrogen generation market is further segmented based on geography including North America (the US, and Canada), Europe (UK, Italy, Spain, Germany, France, and the Rest of Europe), Asia-Pacific (India, China, Japan, South Korea, and Rest of Asia), and the Rest of the World (the Middle East & Africa, and Latin America. Among these, North America is anticipated to hold a prominent share of the market across the globe, owing to the increase in methanol production and ammonia production using steam methane reforming technology.
Among all regions, the Asia-Pacific region is anticipated to grow at a considerable CAGR over the forecast period. Regional growth is attributed to development of lifecycle operation system to efficiency manage the hydrogen production, storage and utilization processes. For instance, in October 2023, Doosan Enerbility announced that it had commenced commercial operation of the Jeju Green Hydrogen Production Plant which is powered using wind energy. The 3.3MWJeju Green Hydrogen Production Plant is the largest green hydrogen plant in Korea, It is a national project with participation from nine companies and institutions, including Doosan Enerbility, and Jeju Energy Corp acting as the prime contractor.
According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), in July 2023, Dedicated hydrogen production is primarily based on fossil fuel technologies, with around a sixth of the global hydrogen supply coming from "by-product" hydrogen, mainly in the petrochemical industry. In 2022, 70.0% of the energy requirement for dedicated hydrogen production was met with natural gas and around 30.0% coal (mostly used in China, which alone accounted for 90.0% of global coal consumption for hydrogen production). Low-emission hydrogen production represented less than 1.0% of total hydrogen production in 2022, despite growing 5.0% compared to 2021. This increase in low-emission hydrogen production results from 130*MW of electrolysis capacity and one project starting operation in China for hydrogen production from coal with CCUS entering into operation in 2022.
The major companies serving the hydrogen generation market include Air Liquide India, Linde plc, Air Products and Chemicals, Inc., ITM Power, Siemens Energy, and others. The market players are considerably contributing to the market growth by the adoption of various strategies including mergers and acquisitions, partnerships, collaborations, funding, and new product launches, to stay competitive in the market. For instance, in July 2020, Iberdrola and Fertiberia launched the largest plant producing green hydrogen for industrial use in Europe. Both companies have signed an agreement that triggers an investment of 150 million euros ($161 million), to construct the largest plant to produce green hydrogen for industrial use in Europe.