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市场调查报告书
商品编码
1494740
2030年氢气生产市场预测:按来源、分配模式、技术、应用和地区进行的全球分析Hydrogen Generation Market Forecasts to 2030 - Global Analysis By Source, Delivery Mode, Technology, Application and By Geography |
根据Stratistics MRC的数据,2024年全球氢气生产市场规模为1,960.7亿美元,预计将以13.4%的复合年增长率成长,到2030年将达到4,169.5亿美元。
氢气生产是指透过各种方法生产氢气作为清洁能源来源或工业原料的过程。还有一种透过蒸气重组天然气或生物质生产氢气和二氧化碳作为单独产品的方法。此外,使用太阳能电池或风力发电的电解作为一种可再生的氢气生产方法正在引起人们的关注,这种氢气是基于石化燃料的技术的永续替代品。
据IEA称,截至2022年1月,全球至少有50个蓝氢计划正在进行中,预计2030年产能将增加十倍以上。根据能源研究所《世界能源统计评论》的数据,2021年至2022年精製能力成长了0.5%,而过去十年的年增长率为0.7%。
对清洁能源的需求不断增长
对清洁能源解决方案不断增长的需求正在将氢气市场推向关键地位。氢以其多功能性和零排放特性而闻名,越来越多地被认为是向永续能源系统过渡的关键要素。随着世界各地的工业界和政府努力减少碳排放,氢气对于交通、工业和发电等产业脱碳变得至关重要。
初始投资高
建造电解和蒸汽甲烷改性设施以及确保氢气的安全储存和运输需要大量资本投资。这种财务负担往往会阻碍潜在投资者和相关人员进入市场或扩大现有业务。投资收益和法律规范的不确定性使资金筹措更加复杂。因此,许多地区在扩大氢产能方面面临延迟或限制,阻碍了市场成为向清洁能源解决方案过渡的关键参与者的潜力。
电解技术的进展
电解技术的进步透过提供更有效率、更具成本效益和永续的氢气方法正在彻底改变氢气生产市场。传统的电解利用电力将水分子分解成氢气和氧气。质子交换膜(PEM)电解和固体氧化物电解池(SOEC)等最新创新大大提高了氢气生产的效率和扩充性。例如,质子交换膜电解在更高的压力和温度下进行,从而实现更快的反应速率和更低的消费量。
价值链中的能源损失
价值链中的能源损失是氢生产市场成长的主要挑战。氢气生产涉及多个步骤,从提取、电解到压缩和运输,每个步骤都容易产生能量损失。例如,蒸汽甲烷改性等传统方法在转换和运输原材料时会导致能量损失。同样,电解有望实现绿色氢气生产,但在发电和转换过程中存在效率损失。这些损失不仅降低了氢气生产的整体效率,而且增加了成本并降低了氢气相对于石化燃料的竞争力。
最初,由于为遏制病毒传播而实施的封锁和限制,供应链和製造流程扰乱了市场。因此,疫情影响了全球氢气生产市场,小型业者和客户经历了需求减少和融资。然而,这场流行病凸显了清洁能源来源的重要性,并导致人们对氢作为永续替代能源的兴趣和投资增加。
预计生质能产业将成为预测期内最大的产业。
透过提供永续和可再生的氢气生产来源,生物质产业预计在预测期内将成长最大。从农业残余物、林业废弃物和有机城市固态废弃物等有机材料中获得的生物质可以透过气化、热解和发酵等各种热化学和生化过程转化为氢气。这种方法不仅提供了石化燃料的可靠替代品,而且有助于减少温室气体排放,从而解决环境问题。
部分氧化法部分预计在预测期内复合年增长率最高
部分氧化法产业预计在预测期内复合年增长率最高。部分氧化法涉及碳氢化合物与氧气反应,通常在催化剂存在下反应,产生氢气。与蒸汽甲烷改性等传统方法相比,该製程具有多种优点,包括转化效率高、原料选择的多功能性以及相对较低的营业成本。此外,POX可以使用天然气、煤炭、生物质等多种原料,因此可以适应不同的地理和经济背景。
透过利用风能和太阳能等可再生能源,绿氢生产可显着减少碳排放。这项进展不仅解决了环境问题,也透过能源结构多样化促进了能源独立和安全。此外,绿色氢的扩充性和多功能性使其成为该地区各个行业(包括交通和发电)脱碳的有前景的解决方案。
欧洲地区在预测期内可能会出现获利成长。更严格的排放目标和对碳中和的追求正在奖励各国政府在当地部署氢技术。欧洲绿色交易和国家氢战略等政策为研发和基础设施发展分配资金,促进创新和市场成长。此外,法律规范为投资者提供了确定性,并鼓励私营部门参与扩大全部区域的氢气生产和分配。
According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Hydrogen Generation Market is accounted for $196.07 billion in 2024 and is expected to reach $416.95 billion by 2030 growing at a CAGR of 13.4% during the forecast period. It refers to the process of producing hydrogen gas through various methods, typically for use as a clean energy source or industrial feedstock. Another approach involves steam reforming of natural gas or biomass, which produces hydrogen along with carbon dioxide as a byproduct. Additionally, solar or wind-powered electrolysis is gaining traction as a renewable method of hydrogen production, offering a sustainable alternative to fossil fuel-based techniques.
According to IEA, in January 2022, there were at least 50 blue hydrogen projects in the works around the world, with capacity expected to grow more than tenfold by 2030. According to the Energy Institute Statistical Review of World Energy, the oil refining capacity witnessed a growth rate of 0.5% between 2021 and 2022, whereas the annual growth rate in the last decade was 0.7%.
Increasing demand for clean energy
The growing demand for clean energy solutions has propelled the hydrogen generation market into a prominent position. Hydrogen, renowned for its versatility and zero-emission properties, is increasingly favored as a key component in the transition towards sustainable energy systems. As industries and governments worldwide commit to reducing carbon footprints, hydrogen emerges as a vital player in decarbonizing sectors such as transportation, industry, and power generation.
High initial investment
Building facilities for electrolysis or steam methane reforming, as well as ensuring safe storage and transportation of hydrogen, demands substantial capital outlay. This financial burden often dissuades potential investors and stakeholders from entering the market or expanding existing operations. The uncertainty surrounding returns on investment and regulatory frameworks further complicates financing arrangements. Consequently, many regions face delays or limitations in scaling up hydrogen production capacity, hindering the market's potential to become a prominent player in the transition towards cleaner energy solutions.
Advancements in electrolysis technologies
Advancements in electrolysis technologies are revolutionizing the hydrogen generation market by offering more efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable methods for producing hydrogen. Traditional electrolysis involves splitting water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen using electricity. Recent innovations such as proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysis and solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOEC) have significantly improved the efficiency and scalability of hydrogen production. PEM electrolysis, for instance, operates at higher pressures and temperatures, resulting in faster reaction rates and lower energy consumption.
Energy loss in value chain
Energy loss in the value chain poses a significant challenge to the growth of the hydrogen generation market. Hydrogen production involves several stages, from extraction or electrolysis to compression and transportation, each prone to energy losses. For instance, conventional methods like steam methane reforming suffer from energy loss during conversion and transportation of feedstocks. Similarly, electrolysis, though promising for green hydrogen production, faces efficiency losses during electricity generation and conversion. These losses not only decrease the overall efficiency of hydrogen production but also increase costs, making hydrogen less competitive against fossil fuels.
Initially, the market experienced disruptions in supply chains and manufacturing processes due to lockdowns and restrictions imposed to curb the spread of the virus. The pandemic has therefore had an impact on the global market for hydrogen generation due to decreased demand and cash-deficit difficulties among small operators and clients. However, the pandemic also highlighted the importance of clean energy sources, leading to increased interest and investments in hydrogen as a sustainable alternative.
The Biomass segment is expected to be the largest during the forecast period
Biomass segment is expected to be the largest during the forecast period by offering a sustainable and renewable source for hydrogen production. Biomass, derived from organic materials such as agricultural residues, forestry waste, and organic municipal solid waste, can be converted into hydrogen through various thermochemical and biochemical processes like gasification, pyrolysis, and fermentation. This approach not only provides a reliable alternative to fossil fuels but also helps in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, thus addressing environmental concerns.
The Partial Oxidation segment is expected to have the highest CAGR during the forecast period
Partial Oxidation segment is expected to have the highest CAGR during the forecast period. Partial Oxidation involves reacting hydrocarbons with oxygen, typically in the presence of a catalyst, to generate hydrogen gas. This process offers several advantages, including high conversion efficiency, versatility in feedstock selection, and relatively low operational costs compared to traditional methods like steam methane reforming. Moreover, POX can utilize a variety of feedstocks such as natural gas, coal, or biomass, making it adaptable to different geographical and economic contexts.
By harnessing renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power, green hydrogen production significantly reduces carbon emissions, aligning with the region's ambitious climate goals, North America region commanded the largest market share during the projection period. This advancement not only addresses environmental concerns but also fosters energy independence and security by diversifying the energy mix. Moreover, the scalability and versatility of green hydrogen make it a promising solution for decarbonizing various sectors, including transportation and power generation across the region.
Europe region is poised to witness profitable growth over the extrapolated period. Stricter emissions targets and the pursuit of carbon neutrality are driving governments to incentivize the regional adoption of hydrogen technologies. Policies such as the European Green Deal and national hydrogen strategies allocate funding for research, development and infrastructure, fostering innovation and market growth. Additionally, regulatory frameworks provide certainty for investors, encouraging private sector involvement in scaling up hydrogen production and distribution across the region.
Key players in the market
Some of the key players in Hydrogen Generation market include Air Liquide S.A., Ballard Power Systems, Cummins Inc, Fuelcell Energy, Hiringa Energy Limited, ITM Power, Plug Power, Praxair Inc and Siemens.
In October 2023, H2B2, a technology company with a portfolio in Hydrogen production systems, unveiled the green hydrogen plant, which is expected to become operational in North America, the SoHyCal facility located in Fresno, California, United States. The project envisages 100 percent clean hydrogen production using PEM technology.
In October 2023, Hygenco Green Energies announced its plans to operate and construct a cent percent green H2 gas plant in Maharashtra, India. The company also plans to supply green hydrogen and green oxygen to Sterlite Technologies Ltd. This is expected to become one of the first hydrogen Generation Plants in Maharashtra.
In May 2023, the Tokyo Tech InfoSyEnergy Research and Education Consortium, in collaboration with the Tokyo Tech Academy of Energy and Informatics, introduced a fuel cell capable of producing electricity using a combination of hydrogen and hydrogen derived from waste plastic materials.
In February 2023, the leading Indian oil company, Indian Oil Corporation (IOC), embarked on a green transformation strategy worth INR 2 trillion, with the aim of achieving net-zero emissions from its operational activities by 2046. As part of this initiative, Indian Oil Corporation plans to establish green hydrogen facilities at all of its refineries.