后量子密码学发展趋势

目前有两种加密方法可以抵抗量子攻击。 一个是基于量子力学的量子密码学，另一个是基于一类新的困难数学问题的后量子密码学（PQC）。 现阶段，PQC 提供的总体优势超过了量子密钥分发 (QKD)。 这是因为 PQC 启用的加密基础是量子计算机无法破解的算法。 此外，PQC 可以使用现有计算器来实施。 另一方面，QKD量子技术尚未成熟，相关专用设备的研发和搭建存在一定的困难。 传播 QKD 需要大量的时间和资源。

TRI成立于1996年，并于2015年併入TrendForce。 我们是一家研究公司，致力于广泛的主题，包括半导体、电信、物联网、汽车系统、人工智能、新兴技术应用以及主要区域市场（美国、欧洲、日本、韩国、中国、台湾等）。 TRI的服务因对新兴科技行业和区域发展趋势的准确理解而受到各类组织的高度评价。

本报告提供了 TRI 对后量子密码学发展趋势的看法。

目录

第一章量子计算机的快速发展及对现有密码系统安全的重大影响

第二章量子密码与后量子密码作为两大抗量子密码技术

第 3 章 TRI 的观点

Currently, there are two encryption methods that are capable of resisting quantum attacks. The first is quantum cryptography that is based on quantum mechanics, while the other is post-quantum cryptography (PQC) that centers on a new class of hard mathematical problems. At the present stage, the overall benefits provided by PQC surpass those of quantum key distribution (QKD) because the underlying basis of the encryptions enabled by PQC is algorithms that quantum computers cannot break. Furthermore, PQC can be deployed with existing computing equipment. By contrast, QKD faces certain difficulties in terms of the development and setup of the related specialized equipment because quantum technology has yet to reach maturity. A considerable length of time as well as a significant amount of resources are needed to achieve widespread use for QKD.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Rapid Development of Quantum Computers and Its Significant Impact on Security of Existing Encryption Systems

2. Quantum Cryptography and Post-quantum Cryptography as Two Main Quantum-resistant Encryption Technologies

3. TRI's View