市场调查报告书
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1359865
小型液化天然气市场 - 全球产业规模、份额、趋势、机会和预测,2018-2028F 按类型、供应方式、储槽容量(常压、加压和浮动储存)、应用、按地区、竞争细分Small-Scale LNG Market- Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, 2018-2028F Segmented By Type, Mode of Supply, Storage Tank Capacity (Atmospheric, Pressurized and Floating Storage ), Application, By Region, Competition |
全球小型液化天然气市场预计将大幅成长,预计将从 2022 年的 99.5 亿美元增至 2028 年的 141.9 亿美元,预测期内(2023-2028 年)复合年增长率为 9.08%。从长远来看,加油、道路运输和离网电力对液化天然气的需求不断增长,预计将成为未来几年小型液化天然气市场的主要驱动力。然而,小型液化天然气营运成本高昂、中东和非洲等地区基础设施配套不足以及导致投资回收期超过12年的巨大资本支出要求等挑战预计将阻碍市场成长。儘管如此,具有成本效益的小型液化天然气基础设施的发展可能为小型液化天然气行业的技术提供商和运输商提供利润丰厚的机会。
市场概况 | |
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预测期 | 2024-2028 |
2022 年市场规模 | 116.5亿美元 |
2028 年市场规模 | 196.2亿美元 |
2023-2028 年复合年增长率 | 9.09% |
成长最快的细分市场 | 再气化终端 |
最大的市场 | 亚太地区 |
各行业对小型液化天然气(液化天然气)的需求一直在显着增长,包括加油、道路运输和离网电力。加油,即向船舶供应燃料的过程,越来越多地采用液化天然气作为传统船用燃料的更清洁替代品。随着更严格排放法规的实施,液化天然气提供了有效减少硫和颗粒物排放的解决方案,有助于更清洁的海上作业。在道路运输领域,小型液化天然气作为卡车和巴士等重型车辆的可行选择正在蓬勃发展。与柴油相比,它可以降低排放、改善空气品质并提高燃油效率。此外,在偏远地区或集中电网连接有限的地区,小型液化天然气正在成为离网发电的可靠且清洁的替代方案。小型液化天然气基础设施固有的灵活性和可扩展性使其非常适合各种应用,有效满足这些行业对清洁能源解决方案不断增长的需求。
近年来不断增长的电力需求导致对液化天然气(LNG)的需求增加,从而导致液化天然气产量增加。此外,许多偏远地区缺乏电力,政府的农村电气化措施近年来进一步刺激了对液化天然气的需求。此外,工业化和不断增长的家庭需求推动了发电需求,从而预计将推动全球小型液化天然气市场的发展。
自然资源枯竭和原材料价格波动是对小型液化天然气(LNG)成长产生重大影响的重大限制因素。美国能源资讯管理局 (EIA) 透过分析每年从石油和天然气公司收集的资料来估算探明储量。根据他们2021年底的最新报告,2021年美国天然气(包括液化气)的估计探明总储量约为625.4万亿立方英尺(Tcf)。不包括液化气,剩余的干天然气储量约为 589 Tcf。液化天然气的生产依赖天然气的开采和加工,天然气是有限的资源。随着对天然气和液化天然气的需求持续增长,易于开采的储量变得更加有限,导致勘探成本增加和生产率下降。天然气储量的枯竭给小型液化天然气项目带来了重大挑战,因为它们通常在财务资源有限的情况下运营,并且在获得长期天然气供应合约方面难以与大型企业竞争。此外,原料特别是天然气的价格波动进一步加剧了小型液化天然气计画面临的挑战。天然气价格受到多种因素的影响,包括供需动态、地缘政治紧张局势和天气条件。天然气价格波动可能对小型液化天然气项目的盈利能力产生重大影响,因为它们通常缺乏资源和灵活性来吸收突然的价格飙升或谈判有利的长期合约。这些价格波动带来了不确定性和风险,使小型液化天然气企业难以获得融资和吸引投资者。
液化天然气(LNG)用于烹饪和取暖。随着人口的成长,小型液化天然气市场预计将在预测期内显着成长。此外,由于原油产量过剩导致天然气价格下跌和原油价格波动,预计将在预测期内进一步推动小型液化天然气市场的成长。
新技术的整合为小型液化天然气工厂提供了一个充满希望的机会。透过实施创新解决方案,这些设施可以显着降低成本并增强价值链的各个方面。例如,使用预製储罐代替大容量储罐可以有助于节省成本。此外,小型液化天然气接收站可以选择加压储罐而不是常压储罐,后者可以从多个供应商以较小的增量轻鬆获得。加压储槽的主要优势之一是能够有效处理蒸发气体 (BOG)。在小型液化天然气接收站中,产生的BOG可以直接引入天然气管道或用于发电以补充公用事业。这种方法允许储罐内的压力增加,从而大大降低了与 BOG 处理相关的成本。随后,高压气体可注入管路或燃烧以辅助发电。与传统的液化天然气接收站相比,小型液化天然气设施可以透过利用环境空气的常压汽化器来实现液化天然气的汽化,这是氮气设施中长期采用的技术。
使用卡车进行液化天然气运输具有高度的灵活性和可及性。液化天然气卡车可以行驶不同的路线,并将液化天然气运送到可能缺乏管道或其他基础设施的偏远或具有挑战性的地点。这种多功能性使卡车运输成为小规模液化天然气配送的一个有吸引力的选择。对于小规模液化天然气运营,投资管道或专用基础设施可能成本高。相反,使用卡车消除了大规模基础设施开发的需要,从而提供了更具成本效益的方法。这使得卡车运输成为小型液化天然气专案的可行解决方案。此外,液化天然气卡车非常适合区域配送,特别是在液化天然气消费量集中的地区。他们可以有效率地将液化天然气运输到特定区域内的各个最终用户,服务工业、发电厂和个人消费者等,有效满足他们的能源需求。
液化终端领域预计将占据最大的市场份额。这一增长可归因于液化天然气出口的增加,这需要液化以实现港口之间的高效运输。此外,全球液化天然气需求的成长正在推动更多液化终端的建立。预计这些因素将在预测期内刺激需求。
预计亚太地区将在预测期内主导小规模市场的成长。近年来,亚太地区已成为全球实施小型液化天然气计画的领导者。中国、印度、新加坡、日本等国家对天然气的需求不断增长,激发了人们对小型液化天然气(SSLNG)的兴趣。截至 2021 年,中国是推动全球液化天然气需求的主要国家之一,2022 年进口量约为 6,440 万吨。需求激增使中国成为最大的液化天然气进口国之一,中国液化天然气买家获得的长期合约超过年产量2000万吨。中国天然气市场包括国内生产以及透过管道和液化天然气接收站进口。在中国,推动小型液化天然气需求的主要产业包括工业、住宅和发电,其中运输业潜力最大。由于柴油价格高于天然气,导致液化天然气卡车数量增加,这是推动中国小型液化天然气设施成长的关键因素。同时,印度正处于小规模采用液化天然气的早期阶段,拥有一些液化天然气站和透过卡车运输液化天然气。印度的目标是到2030年将天然气在其能源结构中的份额提高到15%,预计将开发小型液化天然气设施,向没有管道基础设施的偏远地区供应天然气。例如,2022年6月,政府拥有的天然气勘探和生产公司GAIL Limited宣布计划在非管道连接地区建立小型液化设施。此外,GAIL 正在考虑建立两个试点小型液化厂。在新加坡,小型液化天然气业务主要由其港口的液化天然气加註设施所推动。以其着名的贸易港口和国际海运而闻名的新加坡于 2021 年 5 月实现了一个重要的里程碑,FueLNG 和新加坡海事及港务局 (MPA) 为液化天然气燃料油轮 Pacific Emerald 完成了首次液化天然气加註。
全球小型液化天然气市场报告包含给定的市场资料,技术科学研究可根据公司的具体需求提供客製化服务。该报告可以使用以下自订选项:
The Global Small-scale LNG Market is projected to witness substantial growth, with a predicted increase from USD 9.95 billion in 2022 to USD 14.19 billion by 2028, at a CAGR of 9.08% during the forecast period (2023-2028). In the long run, the escalating demand for LNG in bunkering, road transportation, and off-grid power is anticipated to be the key driver for the small-scale LNG market in the upcoming years. However, challenges such as the high operational costs of small-scale LNG, inadequate supporting infrastructure in regions like the Middle East and Africa, and the significant CAPEX requirements resulting in a payback period of over 12 years are expected to impede market growth. Nonetheless, the development of cost-efficient small-scale LNG infrastructure is likely to present lucrative opportunities for technology providers and transporters in the small-scale LNG sector.
Market Overview | |
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Forecast Period | 2024-2028 |
Market Size 2022 | USD 11.65 billion |
Market Size 2028 | USD 19.62 billion |
CAGR 2023-2028 | 9.09% |
Fastest Growing Segment | Regasification Terminal |
Largest Market | Asia Pacific |
The demand for small-scale LNG (liquefied natural gas) has been experiencing significant growth across various sectors, including bunkering, road transport, and off-grid power. Bunkering, the process of supplying fuel to ships, is increasingly adopting LNG as a cleaner alternative to traditional marine fuels. With the implementation of stricter emissions regulations, LNG provides a solution that effectively reduces sulfur and particulate matter emissions, thereby contributing to cleaner maritime operations. In the domain of road transport, small-scale LNG is gaining momentum as a viable option for heavy-duty vehicles, such as trucks and buses. It offers lower emissions, improved air quality, and enhanced fuel efficiency compared to diesel. Moreover, in remote areas or regions with limited access to centralized power grids, small-scale LNG is emerging as a reliable and cleaner alternative for off-grid power generation. The inherent flexibility and scalability of small-scale LNG infrastructure make it well-suited for diverse applications, effectively meeting the rising demand for cleaner energy solutions across these sectors.
The growing electricity demand in recent times has resulted in an increased need for liquefied natural gas (LNG), leading to higher LNG production. Moreover, numerous remote areas lack access to electricity, and government initiatives for rural electrification have further fueled the demand for LNG in recent years. Additionally, industrialization and increasing household requirements have driven the demand for electricity generation, thereby expected to drive the global market for small-scale LNG.
The depletion of natural resources and price volatility in raw materials are significant constraints that have a substantial impact on the growth of small-scale liquefied natural gas (LNG). The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) estimates proved reserves by analyzing data collected from oil and gas companies annually. According to their latest report from the end of 2021, the total estimated proved reserves of natural gas in the United States, including liquid gases, amounted to approximately 625.4 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) in 2021. Excluding liquid gases, the remaining dry natural gas reserves were around 589 Tcf. LNG production relies on the extraction and processing of natural gas, which is a finite resource. As the demand for natural gas and LNG continues to rise, the availability of easily accessible reserves becomes more limited, resulting in increased exploration costs and declining production rates. This depletion of natural gas reserves presents a significant challenge for small-scale LNG projects, as they often operate with limited financial resources and struggle to compete with larger players in securing long-term gas supply contracts. Furthermore, the price volatility of raw materials, particularly natural gas, further exacerbates the challenges faced by small-scale LNG projects. Natural gas prices are influenced by various factors, including supply and demand dynamics, geopolitical tensions, and weather conditions. Fluctuations in natural gas prices can have a significant impact on the profitability of small-scale LNG projects, as they typically lack the resources and flexibility to absorb sudden price spikes or negotiate favorable long-term contracts. These price volatilities create uncertainty and risk, making it difficult for small-scale LNG ventures to secure financing and attract investors.
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is utilized for cooking and heating purposes. With the growing population, the small-scale LNG market is projected to witness significant growth during the forecast period. Moreover, the decrease in natural gas prices and fluctuations in crude oil prices resulting from excessive crude oil production are anticipated to further drive the growth of the small-scale LNG market in the forecast period.
The integration of new technologies presents a promising opportunity for small-scale LNG plants. By implementing innovative solutions, these facilities can significantly reduce costs and enhance various aspects of the value chain. For instance, the utilization of prefabricated tanks instead of large capacity storage tanks can contribute to cost savings. Additionally, small-scale LNG terminals can opt for pressurized storage tanks instead of atmospheric storage tanks, which are readily available from multiple suppliers in smaller increments. One of the key advantages of pressurized storage tanks is their effective handling of boil-off gas (BOG). In small-scale LNG terminals, the generated BOG can be directly channeled into the gas pipeline or used for electricity generation to supplement utilities. This approach considerably reduces the cost associated with BOG handling by allowing the pressure to increase within the storage tanks. Subsequently, the high-pressure gas can be injected into the pipeline or burned for auxiliary power generation. In contrast to traditional LNG terminals, small-scale LNG facilities can achieve LNG vaporization through the use of atmospheric vaporizers utilizing ambient air, a technology that has long been employed in nitrogen facilities.
Utilizing trucks for LNG transportation offers a high degree of flexibility and accessibility. LNG trucks can navigate diverse routes and deliver LNG to remote or challenging locations that may lack access to pipelines or other infrastructure. This versatility renders trucking an appealing option for small-scale LNG distribution. For small-scale LNG operations, investing in pipelines or dedicated infrastructure can prove costly. Conversely, using trucks provides a more cost-effective approach by eliminating the need for extensive infrastructure development. This renders trucking a viable solution for small-scale LNG projects. Additionally, LNG trucks are well-suited for regional distribution, particularly in areas where LNG consumption is concentrated in smaller volumes. They can efficiently transport LNG to various end-users within a specific region, serving industries, power plants, and individual consumers alike, effectively meeting their energy requirements.
The liquefaction terminal segment is projected to hold the largest market share. This growth can be attributed to the rising export of LNG, which necessitates liquefaction for efficient transportation between ports. Moreover, the global increase in demand for LNG is driving the establishment of more liquefaction terminals. These factors are anticipated to stimulate demand during the forecast period.
Asia-Pacific is expected to dominate the growth of the small-scale market during the forecast period. In recent years, the Asia-Pacific region has emerged as a frontrunner in implementing small-scale LNG projects worldwide. The growing demand for natural gas in countries such as China, India, Singapore, Japan, and others has fueled the interest in small-scale LNG (SSLNG). As of 2021, China stands as one of the leading countries driving LNG demand globally, importing approximately 64.4 million tons in 2022. This surge in demand has positioned China as one of the largest LNG importers, with Chinese LNG buyers securing long-term contracts exceeding 20 million tons per year. The Chinese natural gas market encompasses both domestic production and imports through pipelines and LNG terminals. In China, the primary sectors driving the demand for small-scale LNG include industrial, residential, and power generation, with the transportation sector showing the highest potential. The increase in the number of LNG trucks, driven by the higher price of diesel compared to natural gas, has been a key factor contributing to the growth of small LNG facilities in China. Meanwhile, India is in the early stages of small-scale LNG adoption, with a few LNG stations and LNG transportation via trucks. With the goal of increasing the share of natural gas to 15% in its energy mix by 2030, India is expected to develop small-scale LNG facilities to supply natural gas to remote areas without pipeline infrastructure. For example, in June 2022, GAIL Limited, a government-owned natural gas exploration and production company, announced plans to establish small liquefaction facilities in non-pipeline connected regions. Additionally, GAIL is considering setting up two pilot small-scale liquefaction plants. In Singapore, the small-scale LNG business is primarily driven by LNG bunkering facilities in its ports. Singapore, renowned for its prominent trade ports and international marine shipping, achieved a significant milestone in May 2021 when FueLNG and the Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore (MPA) completed the first LNG bunkering of an LNG-fueled oil tanker, Pacific Emerald.
In this report, the Global Small Scale LNG Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:
Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies present in the Global Small-Scale LNG Market.
Global Small-Scale LNG Market report with the given market data, Tech Sci Research offers customizations according to a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report: