乏燃料和核废料管理市场－全球产业规模、份额、趋势、机会和预测（按类型、应用、地区和竞争细分，2020-2030 年）

2024年，全球乏燃料和核废料管理市场规模为51亿美元，预计2030年将达59亿美元，复合年增长率为2.2%。全球乏燃料和核废料管理市场的主要驱动力在于各国寻求电力产业脱碳，因而对核能的需求不断增长。核能发电量的增加导致放射性废弃物量不断增加，亟需有效的管理方案。国际原子能总署（IAEA）和各国政府等机构制定的严格监管框架，正促使营运商投资先进、合规的废弃物处理和储存技术。玻璃化固化、干式储存桶和深地质处置库等技术进步正在增强核电厂的安全性和长期可持续性。

此外，小型模组化反应器 (SMR) 和后处理技术的发展有助于减少废物量，同时提高能源回收率。环境问题和公众监督也日益加剧，促使当局采取透明、社会可接受的废弃物管理措施。芬兰和法国等国家在永久性处置方案方面处于领先地位，这鼓励了全球对基础设施的更广泛投资。此外，临时储存设施中高放射性废弃物的累积也迫切需要永久性解决方案。在共享设施和知识交流方面的国际合作也被视为降低成本和提高安全性的日益重要的机会。这些因素共同推动市场的发展，使核废料管理成为永续核能发展的关键支柱。

关键市场驱动因素

核能发电量成长与乏燃料累积

主要市场挑战

基础建设成本高昂，长期处置方案难以解决

主要市场趋势

日益重视深层地质处置库的永久处置

目录

第 1 章：产品概述

第二章：研究方法

第三章：执行摘要

第四章：顾客之声

第五章：全球乏燃料与核废料管理市场展望

• 市场规模和预测
  • 按价值
• 市场占有率和预测
  • 依类型（低放射性废弃物、中放射性废弃物、高放射性废弃物）
  • 按应用（核燃料循环、研究、医疗和工业来源、军事和国防计划、其他）
  • 按地区（北美、欧洲、南美、中东和非洲、亚太地区）
• 按公司分类（2024）
• 市场地图

第六章：北美乏燃料与核废料管理市场展望

• 市场规模和预测
• 市场占有率和预测
• 北美：国家分析
  • 美国
  • 加拿大
  • 墨西哥

第七章：欧洲乏燃料与核废料管理市场展望

• 市场规模和预测
• 市场占有率和预测
• 欧洲：国家分析
  • 德国
  • 法国
  • 英国
  • 义大利
  • 西班牙

第八章：亚太地区乏燃料与核废料管理市场展望

• 市场规模和预测
• 市场占有率和预测
• 亚太地区：国家分析
  • 中国
  • 印度
  • 日本
  • 韩国
  • 澳洲

第九章：中东和非洲乏燃料和核废料管理市场展望

• 市场规模和预测
• 市场占有率和预测
• 中东和非洲：国家分析
  • 沙乌地阿拉伯
  • 阿联酋
  • 南非

第十章：南美洲乏燃料与核废料管理市场展望

• 市场规模和预测
• 市场占有率和预测
• 南美洲：国家分析
  • 巴西
  • 哥伦比亚
  • 阿根廷

第 11 章：市场动态

• 驱动程式
• 挑战

第 12 章：市场趋势与发展

• 合併与收购（如有）
• 产品发布（如有）
• 最新动态

第十三章：公司简介

• Orano SA
• Westinghouse Electric Company LLC
• Holtec International
• Veolia Environnement SA
• Bechtel Corporation
• Waste Control Specialists LLC
• Babcock International Group PLC
• Rosatom State Atomic Energy Corporation

第 14 章：策略建议

第15章调查会社について・免责事项

Global Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market was valued at USD 5.1 billion in 2024 and is expected to reach USD 5.9 billion by 2030 with a CAGR of 2.2% through 2030. The global spent fuel and nuclear waste management market is primarily driven by the increasing demand for nuclear energy as countries seek to decarbonize their power sectors. This rise in nuclear power generation has led to a growing volume of radioactive waste, necessitating effective management solutions. Stringent regulatory frameworks from bodies like the IAEA and national governments are pushing operators to invest in advanced, compliant waste treatment and storage technologies. Technological advancements-such as vitrification, dry cask storage, and deep geological repositories-are enhancing safety and long-term sustainability.

Additionally, the development of small modular reactors (SMRs) and reprocessing techniques is helping reduce waste volumes while improving energy recovery. Environmental concerns and public scrutiny have also intensified, prompting authorities to adopt transparent, socially acceptable waste management practices. Countries like Finland and France are leading with permanent disposal solutions, which is encouraging broader global investment in infrastructure. Furthermore, the accumulation of high-level waste in temporary storage facilities is driving urgency for permanent solutions. International collaboration for shared facilities and knowledge exchange is also seen as a growing opportunity to reduce costs and improve safety. Together, these factors are propelling the market forward, making nuclear waste management a key pillar of sustainable nuclear energy development.

Key Market Drivers

Rising Nuclear Power Generation and Accumulation of Spent Fuel

One of the most significant drivers of the global spent fuel and nuclear waste management market is the increasing reliance on nuclear energy as a low-carbon alternative to fossil fuels. As countries strive to meet climate goals under international agreements such as the Paris Accord, nuclear power is being embraced for its ability to provide large-scale, stable baseload electricity with minimal greenhouse gas emissions. Consequently, the number of nuclear reactors is growing globally, especially in emerging economies like China, India, and Russia. Developed nations such as the U.S., France, and the UK are also extending the life of existing nuclear plants.

This rise in nuclear power generation directly correlates with the increased production of high-level radioactive waste, particularly spent nuclear fuel. Most existing reactors use once-through fuel cycles, where spent fuel is removed and stored after a single use. As of now, tens of thousands of metric tons of spent fuel are stored in interim facilities worldwide, many of which were not designed for long-term storage. This growing volume of radioactive waste poses serious environmental and safety risks, driving demand for advanced and permanent solutions like deep geological repositories, reprocessing technologies, and enhanced dry cask storage systems.

Furthermore, the backlog of waste from decades of nuclear energy production has created an urgent need for sustainable waste management infrastructure. This pressure is compounded by public opposition to temporary on-site storage and the looming decommissioning of older nuclear facilities. Governments and private stakeholders are therefore investing heavily in research, development, and deployment of long-term disposal solutions, fueling market growth. In summary, the expansion of nuclear energy and the ongoing accumulation of spent fuel are creating both a necessity and an opportunity for innovation and investment in nuclear waste management globally. Global nuclear power capacity is projected to grow by over 30% by 2050, as countries seek low-carbon energy alternatives. As of the mid-2020s, there are over 440 operational nuclear reactors worldwide, with more than 60 reactors under construction. Nuclear energy currently supplies about 10% of the world's electricity, with ambitions to increase that share in several regions. Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) are expected to represent 20% to 25% of new nuclear installations by 2040 due to their flexibility and lower upfront cost. Many countries aim to triple nuclear capacity by 2050 as part of their long-term net-zero strategies.

Key Market Challenges

High Costs of Infrastructure Development and Long-Term Disposal Solutions

A significant challenge facing the global spent fuel and nuclear waste management market is the enormous cost involved in developing safe, long-term disposal infrastructure. Establishing permanent repositories, such as deep geological disposal facilities, involves decades of planning, billions of dollars in investment, and extensive safety testing and approvals. These projects require advanced engineering, long-term monitoring systems, and careful environmental impact assessments, all of which substantially increase total expenditures.

Additionally, interim storage-using methods like dry cask or pool storage-requires constant upgrades and security measures to comply with evolving regulations. Many nuclear facilities were designed with short-term waste handling in mind and now face retrofitting costs to extend storage capabilities. In developing countries or regions with limited budgets, this cost barrier is especially prohibitive, slowing the implementation of advanced solutions.

Moreover, funding such projects often becomes politically contentious. Governments must balance energy security and environmental safety with taxpayer burden and public opinion. Many large-scale projects, such as the proposed Yucca Mountain repository in the U.S., have been stalled or canceled due to political opposition and cost concerns despite heavy investment.

Private companies may also hesitate to invest in such long-term, high-risk ventures without clear policy direction or financial incentives. This lack of financial clarity and long-term commitment from governments and stakeholders hampers market expansion and technology deployment. Furthermore, decommissioning old nuclear plants adds to the cost burden, as handling legacy waste and dismantling contaminated infrastructure requires substantial capital.

Key Market Trends

Increasing Focus on Deep Geological Repositories for Permanent Disposal

A prominent trend in the global spent fuel and nuclear waste management market is the growing focus on deep geological repositories (DGRs) as a long-term, permanent solution for high-level radioactive waste. With interim storage methods such as pools and dry casks nearing capacity, governments and nuclear agencies are increasingly prioritizing the development of underground repositories that can isolate radioactive waste for thousands of years.

Finland is leading the way with the Onkalo deep geological repository, which is expected to be the world's first operational DGR. France's Cigeo project and Sweden's approved plans for their Forsmark site further demonstrate a strong push in Europe toward permanent underground storage. These projects follow strict international safety standards and are engineered to prevent any leakage into the biosphere over extremely long timescales.

This trend is being driven by public demand for safe, long-term solutions and by regulatory mandates requiring the identification and development of permanent disposal methods. In addition to meeting environmental and safety goals, DGRs help resolve political and legal debates around interim storage extensions and community objections to surface-level facilities.

As more countries begin exploring DGR options, there is an increase in cross-border collaboration, research funding, and private-sector involvement. For instance, countries with smaller nuclear programs are considering shared international repositories. Innovations in geological modeling, monitoring systems, and corrosion-resistant canisters are enhancing the feasibility and safety of these repositories.

Key Market Players

• Orano SA
• Westinghouse Electric Company LLC
• Holtec International
• Veolia Environnement S.A.
• Bechtel Corporation
• Waste Control Specialists LLC
• Babcock International Group PLC
• Rosatom State Atomic Energy Corporation

Report Scope:

In this report, the Global Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:

Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market, By Type:

• Low-level Waste
• Intermediate-level Waste
• High-level Waste

Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market, By Application:

• Nuclear Fuel Cycle
• Research
• Medical & Industrial Source
• Military & Defense Programs
• Other

Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market, By Region:

• North America
  • United States
  • Canada
  • Mexico
• Europe
  • Germany
  • France
  • United Kingdom
  • Italy
  • Spain
• Asia Pacific
  • China
  • India
  • Japan
  • South Korea
  • Australia
• South America
  • Brazil
  • Colombia
  • Argentina
• Middle East & Africa
  • Saudi Arabia
  • UAE
  • South Africa

Competitive Landscape

Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies present in the Global Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market.

Available Customizations:

Global Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market report with the given market data, Tech Sci Research offers customizations according to a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report:

Company Information

• Detailed analysis and profiling of additional market players (up to five).

Table of Contents

1. Product Overview

• 1.1. Market Definition
• 1.2. Scope of the Market
  • 1.2.1. Markets Covered
  • 1.2.2. Years Considered for Study
  • 1.2.3. Key Market Segmentations

2. Research Methodology

• 2.1. Objective of the Study
• 2.2. Baseline Methodology
• 2.3. Key Industry Partners
• 2.4. Major Association and Secondary Sources
• 2.5. Forecasting Methodology
• 2.6. Data Triangulation & Validation
• 2.7. Assumptions and Limitations

3. Executive Summary

• 3.1. Overview of the Market
• 3.2. Overview of Key Market Segmentations
• 3.3. Overview of Key Market Players
• 3.4. Overview of Key Regions/Countries
• 3.5. Overview of Market Drivers, Challenges, and Trends

4. Voice of Customer

5. Global Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook

• 5.1. Market Size & Forecast
  • 5.1.1. By Value
• 5.2. Market Share & Forecast
  • 5.2.1. By Type (Low-level Waste, Intermediate-level Waste, High-level Waste)
  • 5.2.2. By Application (Nuclear Fuel Cycle, Research, Medical & Industrial Source, Military & Defense Programs, Other)
  • 5.2.3. By Region (North America, Europe, South America, Middle East & Africa, Asia Pacific)
• 5.3. By Company (2024)
• 5.4. Market Map

6. North America Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook

• 6.1. Market Size & Forecast
  • 6.1.1. By Value
• 6.2. Market Share & Forecast
  • 6.2.1. By Type
  • 6.2.2. By Application
  • 6.2.3. By Country
• 6.3. North America: Country Analysis
  • 6.3.1. United States Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 6.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 6.3.1.1.1. By Value
    • 6.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 6.3.1.2.1. By Type
      • 6.3.1.2.2. By Application
  • 6.3.2. Canada Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 6.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 6.3.2.1.1. By Value
    • 6.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 6.3.2.2.1. By Type
      • 6.3.2.2.2. By Application
  • 6.3.3. Mexico Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 6.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 6.3.3.1.1. By Value
    • 6.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 6.3.3.2.1. By Type
      • 6.3.3.2.2. By Application

7. Europe Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook

• 7.1. Market Size & Forecast
  • 7.1.1. By Value
• 7.2. Market Share & Forecast
  • 7.2.1. By Type
  • 7.2.2. By Application
  • 7.2.3. By Country
• 7.3. Europe: Country Analysis
  • 7.3.1. Germany Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 7.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 7.3.1.1.1. By Value
    • 7.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 7.3.1.2.1. By Type
      • 7.3.1.2.2. By Application
  • 7.3.2. France Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 7.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 7.3.2.1.1. By Value
    • 7.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 7.3.2.2.1. By Type
      • 7.3.2.2.2. By Application
  • 7.3.3. United Kingdom Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 7.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 7.3.3.1.1. By Value
    • 7.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 7.3.3.2.1. By Type
      • 7.3.3.2.2. By Application
  • 7.3.4. Italy Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 7.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 7.3.4.1.1. By Value
    • 7.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 7.3.4.2.1. By Type
      • 7.3.4.2.2. By Application
  • 7.3.5. Spain Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 7.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 7.3.5.1.1. By Value
    • 7.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 7.3.5.2.1. By Type
      • 7.3.5.2.2. By Application

8. Asia Pacific Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook

• 8.1. Market Size & Forecast
  • 8.1.1. By Value
• 8.2. Market Share & Forecast
  • 8.2.1. By Type
  • 8.2.2. By Application
  • 8.2.3. By Country
• 8.3. Asia Pacific: Country Analysis
  • 8.3.1. China Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 8.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 8.3.1.1.1. By Value
    • 8.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 8.3.1.2.1. By Type
      • 8.3.1.2.2. By Application
  • 8.3.2. India Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 8.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 8.3.2.1.1. By Value
    • 8.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 8.3.2.2.1. By Type
      • 8.3.2.2.2. By Application
  • 8.3.3. Japan Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 8.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 8.3.3.1.1. By Value
    • 8.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 8.3.3.2.1. By Type
      • 8.3.3.2.2. By Application
  • 8.3.4. South Korea Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 8.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 8.3.4.1.1. By Value
    • 8.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 8.3.4.2.1. By Type
      • 8.3.4.2.2. By Application
  • 8.3.5. Australia Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 8.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 8.3.5.1.1. By Value
    • 8.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 8.3.5.2.1. By Type
      • 8.3.5.2.2. By Application

9. Middle East & Africa Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook

• 9.1. Market Size & Forecast
  • 9.1.1. By Value
• 9.2. Market Share & Forecast
  • 9.2.1. By Type
  • 9.2.2. By Application
  • 9.2.3. By Country
• 9.3. Middle East & Africa: Country Analysis
  • 9.3.1. Saudi Arabia Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 9.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 9.3.1.1.1. By Value
    • 9.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 9.3.1.2.1. By Type
      • 9.3.1.2.2. By Application
  • 9.3.2. UAE Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 9.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 9.3.2.1.1. By Value
    • 9.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 9.3.2.2.1. By Type
      • 9.3.2.2.2. By Application
  • 9.3.3. South Africa Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 9.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 9.3.3.1.1. By Value
    • 9.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 9.3.3.2.1. By Type
      • 9.3.3.2.2. By Application

10. South America Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook

• 10.1. Market Size & Forecast
  • 10.1.1. By Value
• 10.2. Market Share & Forecast
  • 10.2.1. By Type
  • 10.2.2. By Application
  • 10.2.3. By Country
• 10.3. South America: Country Analysis
  • 10.3.1. Brazil Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 10.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 10.3.1.1.1. By Value
    • 10.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 10.3.1.2.1. By Type
      • 10.3.1.2.2. By Application
  • 10.3.2. Colombia Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 10.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 10.3.2.1.1. By Value
    • 10.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 10.3.2.2.1. By Type
      • 10.3.2.2.2. By Application
  • 10.3.3. Argentina Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 10.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 10.3.3.1.1. By Value
    • 10.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 10.3.3.2.1. By Type
      • 10.3.3.2.2. By Application

11. Market Dynamics

• 11.1. Drivers
• 11.2. Challenges

12. Market Trends and Developments

• 12.1. Merger & Acquisition (If Any)
• 12.2. Product Launches (If Any)
• 12.3. Recent Developments

13. Company Profiles

• 13.1. Orano SA
  • 13.1.1. Business Overview
  • 13.1.2. Key Revenue and Financials
  • 13.1.3. Recent Developments
  • 13.1.4. Key Personnel
  • 13.1.5. Key Product/Services Offered
• 13.2. Westinghouse Electric Company LLC
• 13.3. Holtec International
• 13.4. Veolia Environnement S.A.
• 13.5. Bechtel Corporation
• 13.6. Waste Control Specialists LLC
• 13.7. Babcock International Group PLC
• 13.8. Rosatom State Atomic Energy Corporation

14. Strategic Recommendations

15. About Us & Disclaimer