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二氧化碳捕集、有效利用、储存的全球市场:2023年～2040年
市场调查报告书
商品编码
1284314

二氧化碳捕集、有效利用、储存的全球市场:2023年～2040年

The Global Market for Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage 2023-2040
出版日期: | 出版商: Future Markets, Inc. | 英文 429 Pages, 121 Figures, 73 Tables | 订单完成后即时交付

价格

本报告提供全球二氧化碳捕集、有效利用、储存市场相关调查，市场概要，以及二氧化碳的回收，有效利用，储存的各种概要与技术趋势，市场课题，及加入此市场的主要企业简介等资讯。

目录

第1章 简称

第2章 调查手法

第3章 摘要整理

第4章 简介

  • CCUS是什么吗
  • 二氧化碳的运输
  • 成本
  • 排碳权

第5章 二氧化碳的回收

  • 从排放点的二氧化碳捕集
  • 主要的二氧化碳捕集流程
  • 碳分离技术
  • 机会及障碍
  • 二氧化碳捕集回收成本
  • 二氧化碳捕集回收能力
  • 二氧化碳捕集与贮存伴随的生质能源(BECCS)
  • 直接空气捕捉(DAC)
  • 其他技术

第6章 二氧化碳的有效利用

  • 概要
  • CO2有效利用途径
  • 转换流程
  • 二氧化碳来源产品
  • 提高石油采收率的二氧化碳的有效利用
  • 石灰化的强化

第7章 二氧化碳的储存

  • 二氧化碳回收储存网站
  • 全球二氧化碳回收储存容量
  • 成本
  • 课题

第8章 企业简介

  • Aeroborn B.V
  • AirCapture
  • Air Company
  • Air Liquide S.A
  • Air Products and Chemicals, Inc
  • Air Protein
  • Air Quality Solutions Worldwide DAC
  • Airovation Technologies
  • Aker Carbon Capture
  • Algal Bio Co., Ltd
  • Algenol
  • Algiecel ApS
  • Andes
  • Aqualung Carbon Capture
  • Arca
  • Arkeon Biotechnologies
  • Asahi Kasei
  • AspiraDAC Pty Ltd
  • Aspiring Materials
  • Avantium N.V
  • Avnos, Inc
  • Aymium
  • Axens SA
  • Azolla
  • Barton Blakeley Technologies Ltd
  • BASF Group
  • BP PLC
  • Blue Planet Systems Corporation
  • BluSky, Inc
  • Breathe Applied Sciences
  • Brilliant Planet
  • bse Methanol GmbH
  • C-Capture
  • C4X Technologies Inc
  • C2CNT LLC
  • Cambridge Carbon Capture Ltd
  • Captura Corporation
  • Capture6
  • Carba
  • CarbiCrete
  • Carbfix
  • Carboclave
  • Carbo Culture
  • Carbofex Oy
  • Carbominer
  • Carbonade
  • Carbonaught Pty Ltd
  • Carbonova
  • CarbonScape Ltd
  • Carbon8 Systems
  • Carbon Blade
  • Carbon Blue
  • CarbonBuilt
  • Carbon CANTONNE
  • Carbon Capture, Inc. (CarbonCapture)
  • Carbon Capture Machine (UK)
  • Carbon Centric
  • Carbon Clean Solutions Limited
  • Carbon Collect Limited
  • CarbonCure Technologies Inc
  • Carbon Geocapture Corp
  • Carbon Engineering Ltd
  • Carbon Infinity Limited
  • Carbon Limit
  • Carbon Recycling International
  • Carbon Reform, Inc
  • Carbon Ridge, Inc
  • Carbon Sink LLC
  • CarbonStar Systems
  • Carbon Upcycling Technologies
  • Carbonfree Chemicals
  • CarbonMeta Research Ltd
  • CarbonOrO Products B.V
  • CarbonQuest
  • Carbon-Zero US LLC
  • Carbyon BV
  • Cemvita Factory Inc
  • CERT Systems, Inc
  • CFOAM Limited
  • Charm Industrial
  • Chevron Corporation
  • Chiyoda Corporation
  • China Energy Investment Corporation (CHN Energy)
  • Climeworks
  • CO2 Capsol
  • CO2Rail Company
  • CO2CirculAir B.V
  • Compact Carbon Capture AS (Baker Hughes)
  • Coval Energy B.V
  • Covestro AG
  • Cquestr8 Limited
  • CyanoCapture
  • D-CRBN
  • Decarbontek LLC
  • Deep Branch Biotechnology
  • Denbury Inc
  • Dimensional Energy
  • Dioxide Materials
  • Dioxycle
  • 8Rivers
  • Ebb Carbon
  • Ecocera
  • ecoLocked GmbH
  • Eion Carbon
  • Econic Technologies Ltd
  • EcoClosure LLC
  • Electrochaea GmbH
  • Emerging Fuels Technology (EFT)
  • Empower Materials, Inc
  • Enerkem, Inc
  • enaDyne GmbH
  • Entropy Inc
  • E-Quester
  • Equatic
  • Equinor ASA
  • Evonik Industries AG
  • ExxonMobil
  • 44.01
  • Fairbrics
  • Fervo Energy
  • Fluor Corporation
  • Fortera Corporation
  • Framergy, Inc
  • FuelCell Energy, Inc
  • GE Gas Power (General Electric)
  • Giner, Inc
  • Global Algae Innovations
  • Global Thermostat LLC
  • Graviky Labs
  • Gulf Coast Sequestration
  • Greenlyte Carbon Technologies
  • greenSand
  • Hago Energetics
  • Haldor Topsoe
  • Heimdal CCU
  • Heirloom Carbon Technologies
  • High Hopes Labs
  • Holcim Group
  • Holy Grail, Inc
  • Honeywell
  • Oy Hydrocell Ltd
  • 1point8
  • IHI Corporation
  • Immaterial Ltd
  • Ineratec GmbH
  • Infinitree LLC
  • Innovator Energy
  • InnoSepra LLC
  • InterEarth
  • ION Clean Energy, Inc
  • Japan CCS Co., Ltd
  • Jupiter Oxygen Corporation
  • Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd
  • Krajete GmbH
  • LanzaJet, Inc
  • Lanzatech
  • Lectrolyst LLC
  • Levidian Nanosystems
  • The Linde Group
  • Liquid Wind AB
  • Lithos Carbon
  • Living Carbon
  • Loam Bio
  • Low Carbon Korea
  • Low Carbon Materials
  • Made of Air GmbH
  • Mango Materials, Inc
  • Mars Materials
  • Mattershift
  • Mercurius Biorefining
  • Minera Systems
  • Mineral Carbonation International (MCi) Carbon
  • Mission Zero Technologies
  • Mitsui Chemicals, Inc
  • Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
  • MOFWORX
  • Molten Industries, Inc
  • Mosaic Materials, Inc. (Baker Hughes)
  • Myno Carbon
  • Nanyang Zhongju Tianguan Low Carbon Technology Company
  • Net Power, LLC
  • NetZero
  • Neustark AG
  • Newlight Technologies LLC
  • New Sky Energy
  • Norsk e-Fuel AS
  • Norsk e-Fuel AS
  • Novocarbo GmbH
  • Novo Nutrients
  • Noya
  • Nuada
  • 1PointFive
  • Oakbio
  • Obrist Group
  • Occidental Petroleum Corp
  • OCOchem
  • Orchestra Scientific S.L
  • Origen Carbon Solutions
  • Osaki CoolGen Corporation
  • OXCCU Tech Ltd
  • OxEon Energy, LLC
  • Oxylum
  • Paebbl AB
  • Parallel Carbon Limited
  • Perpetual Next Technologies
  • Photanol B.V
  • Phytonix Corporation
  • Pond Technologies
  • Planetary Technologies
  • Prometheus Fuels, Inc
  • Prometheus Materials
  • PTTEP
  • Proton Power, Inc
  • PYREG
  • RedoxNRG
  • Remora
  • Removr
  • RepAir Carbon DAC Ltd
  • Rubi Laboratories, Inc
  • Running Tide Technologies, Inc
  • Saipem S.p.A
  • Seabound
  • Seachange Technologies
  • Sekisui Chemical
  • SeaO2 Netherlands
  • Seeo2 Energy, Inc
  • Shell plc
  • Silicate Carbon
  • SkyMining AB
  • SkyNano Technologies
  • Skyrenu Technologies
  • Skytree
  • Solar Foods Oy
  • Soletair Power Oy
  • Solidia Technologies
  • South Ocean Air
  • Southern Green Gas
  • Steeper Energy
  • Stockholm Exergi AB
  • Storegga Geotechnologies Limited
  • Sublime Systems
  • Sunfire GmbH
  • Sustaera
  • Svante, Inc
  • Synhelion
  • Quantiam Technologies Inc
  • Tandem Technical
  • TerraCOH, Inc
  • TerraFixing, Inc
  • Terra CO2 Technologies Ltd
  • TierraSpec Ltd
  • TotalEnergies SE
  • Travertine Technologies, Inc
  • Twelve
  • UNDO
  • UP Catalyst
  • Valiidun Inc
  • Vertus Energy Ltd
  • Verdox
  • Vortis Carbon Co
  • YuanChu Technology Corp
  • ZoraMat Solutions
  • ZS2 Technologies

第9章 参考资料

Product Code: CARBCAP0623

Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) refers to technologies that capture CO2 emissions and use or store them, leading to permanent sequestration. CCUS technologies capture carbon dioxide emissions from large power sources, including power generation or industrial facilities that use either fossil fuels or biomass for fuel. CO2 can also be captured directly from the atmosphere. If not utilized onsite, captured CO2 is compressed and transported by pipeline, ship, rail or truck to be used in a range of applications, or injected into deep geological formations (including depleted oil and gas reservoirs or saline formations) which trap th CO2 for permanent storage.

Carbon removal technologies include direct air capture (DAC) or bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS). This fast growing market is being driven by government climate initiatives and increased public and private investments. In 2022 there was over $1 billion in private investment in CCUS companies. Climeworks, a Swiss start-up developing direct air capture (DAC) raised a $650m round in April 2022. In December 2022, Svante raised US$318 million in a Series E fundraising round. Funding has dipped in 2023, but investment remains robust.

The market for CO2 use is expected to remain relatively small in the near term (<$2.5 billion), but will grow in the next few years in the drive to mitigate carbon emissions from industry, potentially becoming a Trillion Dollar market. There are currently 35 commercial facilities globally are capturing 45 Mt CO2 globally, with another 200 carbon capture facilities planned by 2030, increasing annual carbon capture volume to ~220 Mt CO2 in total. New pathways to use CO2 in the production of fuels, chemicals and building materials are driving global interest, allied to increasing backing from governments, industry and investors.

Report contents include:

  • Analysis of the global market for carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies.
  • Market developments, funding and investment in carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) 2020-2023.
  • Analysis of key market dynamics, trends, opportunities and factors influencing the global carbon, capture utilization & storage technologies market and its subsegments.
  • Market barriers to carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies.
  • National policies and strategies.
  • Latest CCS projects updates.
  • Latest developments in carbon capture, storage and utilization technologies
  • Market analysis of CO2-derived products including fuels, chemicals, building materials from minerals, building materials from waste, enhanced oil recovery, and CO2 use to enhance the yields of biological processes.
  • Profiles of 262 companies in Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) including products, collaborations and investment funding. Companies profiled include Algiecel, Aspiring Materials, Cambridge Carbon Capture, Carbon Engineering Ltd., Captura, Carbyon BV, CarbonCure Technologies Inc., CarbonOrO, Carbon Collect, Climeworks, Dimensional Energy, Dioxycle, Ebb Carbon, enaDyne, Fortera Corporation, Global Thermostat, Heirloom Carbon Technologies, High Hopes Labs, LanzaTech, Liquid Wind AB, Lithos, Living Carbon, Mars Materials, Mercurius Biorefining, Mission Zero Technologies, OXCUU, Oxylum, Paebbl, Prometheus Fuels, RepAir, Sunfire GmbH, Sustaera, Svante, Travertine Technologies and Verdox. Full list of companies profiled in table of contents.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. ABBREVIATIONS

2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

  • 2.1. Definition of Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage (CCUS)
  • 2.2. Technology Readiness Level (TRL)

3. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

  • 3.1. Main sources of carbon dioxide emissions
  • 3.2. CO2 as a commodity
  • 3.3. Meeting climate targets
  • 3.4. Market drivers and trends
  • 3.5. The current market and future outlook
  • 3.6. CCUS Industry developments 2020-2023
  • 3.7. CCUS investments
    • 3.7.1. Venture Capital Funding
  • 3.8. Government CCUS initiatives
    • 3.8.1. North America
    • 3.8.2. Europe
    • 3.8.3. China
  • 3.9. Market map
  • 3.10. Commercial CCUS facilities and projects
    • 3.10.1. Facilities
      • 3.10.1.1. Operational
      • 3.10.1.2. Under development/construction
  • 3.11. CCUS Value Chain
  • 3.12. Key market barriers for CCUS

4. INTRODUCTION

  • 4.1. What is CCUS?
    • 4.1.1. Carbon Capture
      • 4.1.1.1. Source Characterization
      • 4.1.1.2. Purification
      • 4.1.1.3. CO2 capture technologies
    • 4.1.2. Carbon Utilization
      • 4.1.2.1. CO2 utilization pathways
    • 4.1.3. Carbon storage
      • 4.1.3.1. Passive storage
      • 4.1.3.2. Enhanced oil recovery
  • 4.2. Transporting CO2
    • 4.2.1. Methods of CO2 transport
      • 4.2.1.1. Pipeline
      • 4.2.1.2. Ship
      • 4.2.1.3. Road
      • 4.2.1.4. Rail
    • 4.2.2. Safety
  • 4.3. Costs
    • 4.3.1. Cost of CO2 transport
  • 4.4. Carbon credits

5. CARBON CAPTURE

  • 5.1. CO2 capture from point sources
    • 5.1.1. Transportation
    • 5.1.2. Global point source CO2 capture capacities
    • 5.1.3. By source
    • 5.1.4. By endpoint
  • 5.2. Main carbon capture processes
    • 5.2.1. Materials
    • 5.2.2. Post-combustion
    • 5.2.3. Oxy-fuel combustion
    • 5.2.4. Liquid or supercritical CO2: Allam-Fetvedt Cycle
    • 5.2.5. Pre-combustion
  • 5.3. Carbon separation technologies
    • 5.3.1. Absorption capture
    • 5.3.2. Adsorption capture
    • 5.3.3. Membranes
    • 5.3.4. Liquid or supercritical CO2 (Cryogenic) capture
    • 5.3.5. Chemical Looping-Based Capture
    • 5.3.6. Calix Advanced Calciner
    • 5.3.7. Other technologies
      • 5.3.7.1. Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs)
      • 5.3.7.2. Microalgae Carbon Capture
    • 5.3.8. Comparison of key separation technologies
    • 5.3.9. Technology readiness level (TRL) of gas separation technologies
  • 5.4. Opportunities and barriers
  • 5.5. Costs of CO2 capture
  • 5.6. CO2 capture capacity
  • 5.7. Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS)
    • 5.7.1. Overview of technology
    • 5.7.2. Biomass conversion
    • 5.7.3. BECCS facilities
    • 5.7.4. Challenges
  • 5.8. Direct air capture (DAC)
    • 5.8.1. Description
    • 5.8.2. Deployment
    • 5.8.3. Point source carbon capture versus Direct Air Capture
    • 5.8.4. Technologies
      • 5.8.4.1. Solid sorbents
      • 5.8.4.2. Liquid sorbents
      • 5.8.4.3. Liquid solvents
      • 5.8.4.4. Airflow equipment integration
      • 5.8.4.5. Passive Direct Air Capture (PDAC)
      • 5.8.4.6. Direct conversion
      • 5.8.4.7. Co-product generation
      • 5.8.4.8. Low Temperature DAC
      • 5.8.4.9. Regeneration methods
    • 5.8.5. Commercialization and plants
    • 5.8.6. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in DAC
    • 5.8.7. DAC plants and projects-current and planned
    • 5.8.8. Markets for DAC
    • 5.8.9. Costs
    • 5.8.10. Challenges
    • 5.8.11. Players and production
  • 5.9. Other technologies
    • 5.9.1. Enhanced weathering
    • 5.9.2. Afforestation and reforestation
    • 5.9.3. Soil carbon sequestration (SCS)
    • 5.9.4. Biochar
    • 5.9.5. Ocean Carbon Capture
      • 5.9.5.1. Ocean fertilisation
      • 5.9.5.2. Ocean alkalinisation

6. CARBON UTILIZATION

  • 6.1. Overview
    • 6.1.1. Current market status
    • 6.1.2. Benefits of carbon utilization
    • 6.1.3. Market challenges
  • 6.2. Co2 utilization pathways
  • 6.3. Conversion processes
    • 6.3.1. Thermochemical
      • 6.3.1.1. Process overview
      • 6.3.1.2. Plasma-assisted CO2 conversion
    • 6.3.2. Electrochemical conversion of CO2
      • 6.3.2.1. Process overview
    • 6.3.3. Photocatalytic and photothermal catalytic conversion of CO2
    • 6.3.4. Catalytic conversion of CO2
    • 6.3.5. Biological conversion of CO2
    • 6.3.6. Copolymerization of CO2
    • 6.3.7. Mineral carbonation
  • 6.4. CO2-derived products
    • 6.4.1. Fuels
      • 6.4.1.1. Overview
      • 6.4.1.2. Production routes
      • 6.4.1.3. Methanol
      • 6.4.1.4. Algae based biofuels
      • 6.4.1.5. CO2-fuels from solar
      • 6.4.1.6. Companies
      • 6.4.1.7. Challenges
    • 6.4.2. Chemicals
      • 6.4.2.1. Overview
      • 6.4.2.2. Scalability
      • 6.4.2.3. Applications
      • 6.4.2.4. Companies
    • 6.4.3. Construction materials
      • 6.4.3.1. Overview
      • 6.4.3.2. CCUS technologies
      • 6.4.3.3. Carbonated aggregates
      • 6.4.3.4. Additives during mixing
      • 6.4.3.5. Concrete curing
      • 6.4.3.6. Costs
      • 6.4.3.7. Companies
      • 6.4.3.8. Challenges
    • 6.4.4. CO2 Utilization in Biological Yield-Boosting
      • 6.4.4.1. Overview
      • 6.4.4.2. Applications
      • 6.4.4.3. Companies
  • 6.5. CO2 Utilization in Enhanced Oil Recovery
    • 6.5.1. Overview
      • 6.5.1.1. Process
      • 6.5.1.2. CO2 sources
    • 6.5.2. CO2-EOR facilities and projects
    • 6.5.3. Challenges
  • 6.6. Enhanced mineralization
    • 6.6.1. Advantages
    • 6.6.2. In situ and ex-situ mineralization
    • 6.6.3. Enhanced mineralization pathways
    • 6.6.4. Challenges

7. CARBON STORAGE

  • 7.1. CO2 storage sites
    • 7.1.1. Storage types for geologic CO2 storage
    • 7.1.2. Oil and gas fields
    • 7.1.3. Saline formations
  • 7.2. Global CO2 storage capacity
  • 7.3. Costs
  • 7.4. Challenges

8. COMPANY PROFILES

  • 8.1. Aeroborn B.V
  • 8.2. AirCapture
  • 8.3. Air Company
  • 8.4. Air Liquide S.A
  • 8.5. Air Products and Chemicals, Inc
  • 8.6. Air Protein
  • 8.7. Air Quality Solutions Worldwide DAC
  • 8.8. Airovation Technologies
  • 8.9. Aker Carbon Capture
  • 8.10. Algal Bio Co., Ltd
  • 8.11. Algenol
  • 8.12. Algiecel ApS
  • 8.13. Andes
  • 8.14. Aqualung Carbon Capture
  • 8.15. Arca
  • 8.16. Arkeon Biotechnologies
  • 8.17. Asahi Kasei
  • 8.18. AspiraDAC Pty Ltd
  • 8.19. Aspiring Materials
  • 8.20. Avantium N.V
  • 8.21. Avnos, Inc
  • 8.22. Aymium
  • 8.23. Axens SA
  • 8.24. Azolla
  • 8.25. Barton Blakeley Technologies Ltd
  • 8.26. BASF Group
  • 8.27. BP PLC
  • 8.28. Blue Planet Systems Corporation
  • 8.29. BluSky, Inc
  • 8.30. Breathe Applied Sciences
  • 8.31. Brilliant Planet
  • 8.32. bse Methanol GmbH
  • 8.33. C-Capture
  • 8.34. C4X Technologies Inc
  • 8.35. C2CNT LLC
  • 8.36. Cambridge Carbon Capture Ltd
  • 8.37. Captura Corporation
  • 8.38. Capture6
  • 8.39. Carba
  • 8.40. CarbiCrete
  • 8.41. Carbfix
  • 8.42. Carboclave
  • 8.43. Carbo Culture
  • 8.44. Carbofex Oy
  • 8.45. Carbominer
  • 8.46. Carbonade
  • 8.47. Carbonaught Pty Ltd
  • 8.48. Carbonova
  • 8.49. CarbonScape Ltd
  • 8.50. Carbon8 Systems
  • 8.51. Carbon Blade
  • 8.52. Carbon Blue
  • 8.53. CarbonBuilt
  • 8.54. Carbon CANTONNE
  • 8.55. Carbon Capture, Inc. (CarbonCapture)
  • 8.56. Carbon Capture Machine (UK)
  • 8.57. Carbon Centric
  • 8.58. Carbon Clean Solutions Limited
  • 8.59. Carbon Collect Limited
  • 8.60. CarbonCure Technologies Inc
  • 8.61. Carbon Geocapture Corp
  • 8.62. Carbon Engineering Ltd
  • 8.63. Carbon Infinity Limited
  • 8.64. Carbon Limit
  • 8.65. Carbon Recycling International
  • 8.66. Carbon Reform, Inc
  • 8.67. Carbon Ridge, Inc
  • 8.68. Carbon Sink LLC
  • 8.69. CarbonStar Systems
  • 8.70. Carbon Upcycling Technologies
  • 8.71. Carbonfree Chemicals
  • 8.72. CarbonMeta Research Ltd
  • 8.73. CarbonOrO Products B.V
  • 8.74. CarbonQuest
  • 8.75. Carbon-Zero US LLC
  • 8.76. Carbyon BV
  • 8.77. Cemvita Factory Inc
  • 8.78. CERT Systems, Inc
  • 8.79. CFOAM Limited
  • 8.80. Charm Industrial
  • 8.81. Chevron Corporation
  • 8.82. Chiyoda Corporation
  • 8.83. China Energy Investment Corporation (CHN Energy)
  • 8.84. Climeworks
  • 8.85. CO2 Capsol
  • 8.86. CO2Rail Company
  • 8.87. CO2CirculAir B.V
  • 8.88. Compact Carbon Capture AS (Baker Hughes)
  • 8.89. Coval Energy B.V
  • 8.90. Covestro AG
  • 8.91. Cquestr8 Limited
  • 8.92. CyanoCapture
  • 8.93. D-CRBN
  • 8.94. Decarbontek LLC
  • 8.95. Deep Branch Biotechnology
  • 8.96. Denbury Inc
  • 8.97. Dimensional Energy
  • 8.98. Dioxide Materials
  • 8.99. Dioxycle
  • 8.100. 8Rivers
  • 8.101. Ebb Carbon
  • 8.102. Ecocera
  • 8.103. ecoLocked GmbH
  • 8.104. Eion Carbon
  • 8.105. Econic Technologies Ltd
  • 8.106. EcoClosure LLC
  • 8.107. Electrochaea GmbH
  • 8.108. Emerging Fuels Technology (EFT)
  • 8.109. Empower Materials, Inc
  • 8.110. Enerkem, Inc
  • 8.111. enaDyne GmbH
  • 8.112. Entropy Inc
  • 8.113. E-Quester
  • 8.114. Equatic
  • 8.115. Equinor ASA
  • 8.116. Evonik Industries AG
  • 8.117. ExxonMobil
  • 8.118. 44.01
  • 8.119. Fairbrics
  • 8.120. Fervo Energy
  • 8.121. Fluor Corporation
  • 8.122. Fortera Corporation
  • 8.123. Framergy, Inc
  • 8.124. FuelCell Energy, Inc
  • 8.125. GE Gas Power (General Electric)
  • 8.126. Giner, Inc
  • 8.127. Global Algae Innovations
  • 8.128. Global Thermostat LLC
  • 8.129. Graviky Labs
  • 8.130. Gulf Coast Sequestration
  • 8.131. Greenlyte Carbon Technologies
  • 8.132. greenSand
  • 8.133. Hago Energetics
  • 8.134. Haldor Topsoe
  • 8.135. Heimdal CCU
  • 8.136. Heirloom Carbon Technologies
  • 8.137. High Hopes Labs
  • 8.138. Holcim Group
  • 8.139. Holy Grail, Inc
  • 8.140. Honeywell
  • 8.141. Oy Hydrocell Ltd
  • 8.142. 1point8
  • 8.143. IHI Corporation
  • 8.144. Immaterial Ltd
  • 8.145. Ineratec GmbH
  • 8.146. Infinitree LLC
  • 8.147. Innovator Energy
  • 8.148. InnoSepra LLC
  • 8.149. InterEarth
  • 8.150. ION Clean Energy, Inc
  • 8.151. Japan CCS Co., Ltd
  • 8.152. Jupiter Oxygen Corporation
  • 8.153. Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd
  • 8.154. Krajete GmbH
  • 8.155. LanzaJet, Inc
  • 8.156. Lanzatech
  • 8.157. Lectrolyst LLC
  • 8.158. Levidian Nanosystems
  • 8.159. The Linde Group
  • 8.160. Liquid Wind AB
  • 8.161. Lithos Carbon
  • 8.162. Living Carbon
  • 8.163. Loam Bio
  • 8.164. Low Carbon Korea
  • 8.165. Low Carbon Materials
  • 8.166. Made of Air GmbH
  • 8.167. Mango Materials, Inc
  • 8.168. Mars Materials
  • 8.169. Mattershift
  • 8.170. Mercurius Biorefining
  • 8.171. Minera Systems
  • 8.172. Mineral Carbonation International (MCi) Carbon
  • 8.173. Mission Zero Technologies
  • 8.174. Mitsui Chemicals, Inc
  • 8.175. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
  • 8.176. MOFWORX
  • 8.177. Molten Industries, Inc
  • 8.178. Mosaic Materials, Inc. (Baker Hughes)
  • 8.179. Myno Carbon
  • 8.180. Nanyang Zhongju Tianguan Low Carbon Technology Company
  • 8.181. Net Power, LLC
  • 8.182. NetZero
  • 8.183. Neustark AG
  • 8.184. Newlight Technologies LLC
  • 8.185. New Sky Energy
  • 8.186. Norsk e-Fuel AS
  • 8.187. Novocarbo GmbH
  • 8.188. Novo Nutrients
  • 8.189. Noya
  • 8.190. Nuada
  • 8.191. 1PointFive
  • 8.192. Oakbio
  • 8.193. Obrist Group
  • 8.194. Occidental Petroleum Corp
  • 8.195. OCOchem
  • 8.196. Orchestra Scientific S.L
  • 8.197. Origen Carbon Solutions
  • 8.198. Osaki CoolGen Corporation
  • 8.199. OXCCU Tech Ltd
  • 8.200. OxEon Energy, LLC
  • 8.201. Oxylum
  • 8.202. Paebbl AB
  • 8.203. Parallel Carbon Limited
  • 8.204. Perpetual Next Technologies
  • 8.205. Photanol B.V
  • 8.206. Phytonix Corporation
  • 8.207. Pond Technologies
  • 8.208. Planetary Technologies
  • 8.209. Prometheus Fuels, Inc
  • 8.210. Prometheus Materials
  • 8.211. PTTEP
  • 8.212. Proton Power, Inc
  • 8.213. PYREG
  • 8.214. RedoxNRG
  • 8.215. Remora
  • 8.216. Removr
  • 8.217. RepAir Carbon DAC Ltd
  • 8.218. Rubi Laboratories, Inc
  • 8.219. Running Tide Technologies, Inc
  • 8.220. Saipem S.p.A
  • 8.221. Seabound
  • 8.222. Seachange Technologies
  • 8.223. Sekisui Chemical
  • 8.224. SeaO2 Netherlands
  • 8.225. Seeo2 Energy, Inc
  • 8.226. Shell plc
  • 8.227. Silicate Carbon
  • 8.228. SkyMining AB
  • 8.229. SkyNano Technologies
  • 8.230. Skyrenu Technologies
  • 8.231. Skytree
  • 8.232. Solar Foods Oy
  • 8.233. Soletair Power Oy
  • 8.234. Solidia Technologies
  • 8.235. South Ocean Air
  • 8.236. Southern Green Gas
  • 8.237. Steeper Energy
  • 8.238. Stockholm Exergi AB
  • 8.239. Storegga Geotechnologies Limited
  • 8.240. Sublime Systems
  • 8.241. Sunfire GmbH
  • 8.242. Sustaera
  • 8.243. Svante, Inc
  • 8.244. Synhelion
  • 8.245. Quantiam Technologies Inc
  • 8.246. Tandem Technical
  • 8.247. TerraCOH, Inc
  • 8.248. TerraFixing, Inc
  • 8.249. Terra CO2 Technologies Ltd
  • 8.250. TierraSpec Ltd
  • 8.251. TotalEnergies SE
  • 8.252. Travertine Technologies, Inc
  • 8.253. Twelve
  • 8.254. UNDO
  • 8.255. UP Catalyst
  • 8.256. Valiidun Inc
  • 8.257. Vertus Energy Ltd
  • 8.258. Verdox
  • 8.259. Vortis Carbon Co
  • 8.260. YuanChu Technology Corp
  • 8.261. ZoraMat Solutions
  • 8.262. ZS2 Technologies

9. REFERENCES

List of Tables

  • Table 1. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) Examples
  • Table 2. Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage (CCUS) market drivers and trends
  • Table 3. Carbon capture, usage, and storage (CCUS) industry developments 2020-2023
  • Table 4. CCUS VC deals 2020-2023
  • Table 5. Demonstration and commercial CCUS facilities in China
  • Table 6. Global commercial CCUS facilities-in operation
  • Table 7. Global commercial CCUS facilities-under development/construction
  • Table 8. Key market barriers for CCUS
  • Table 9. CO2 utilization and removal pathways
  • Table 10. Approaches for capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) from point sources
  • Table 11. CO2 capture technologies
  • Table 12. Advantages and challenges of carbon capture technologies
  • Table 13. Overview of commercial materials and processes utilized in carbon capture
  • Table 14. Methods of CO2 transport
  • Table 15. Carbon capture, transport, and storage cost per unit of CO2
  • Table 16. Estimated capital costs for commercial-scale carbon capture
  • Table 17. Point source examples
  • Table 18. Assessment of carbon capture materials
  • Table 19. Chemical solvents used in post-combustion
  • Table 20. Commercially available physical solvents for pre-combustion carbon capture
  • Table 21. Main capture processes and their separation technologies
  • Table 22. Absorption methods for CO2 capture overview
  • Table 23. Commercially available physical solvents used in CO2 absorption
  • Table 24. Adsorption methods for CO2 capture overview
  • Table 25. Membrane-based methods for CO2 capture overview
  • Table 26. Benefits and drawbacks of microalgae carbon capture
  • Table 27. Comparison of main separation technologies
  • Table 28. Technology readiness level (TRL) of gas separation technologies
  • Table 29. Opportunities and Barriers by sector
  • Table 30. Existing and planned capacity for sequestration of biogenic carbon
  • Table 31. Existing facilities with capture and/or geologic sequestration of biogenic CO2
  • Table 32. Advantages and disadvantages of DAC
  • Table 33. Companies developing airflow equipment integration with DAC
  • Table 34. Companies developing Passive Direct Air Capture (PDAC) technologies
  • Table 35. Companies developing regeneration methods for DAC technologies
  • Table 36. DAC companies and technologies
  • Table 37. DAC technology developers and production
  • Table 38. DAC projects in development
  • Table 39. Markets for DAC
  • Table 40. Costs summary for DAC
  • Table 41. Cost estimates of DAC
  • Table 42. Challenges for DAC technology
  • Table 43. DAC companies and technologies
  • Table 44. Biological CCS technologies
  • Table 45. Biochar in carbon capture overview
  • Table 46. Carbon utilization revenue forecast by product (US$)
  • Table 47. CO2 utilization and removal pathways
  • Table 48. Market challenges for CO2 utilization
  • Table 49. Example CO2 utilization pathways
  • Table 50. CO2 derived products via Thermochemical conversion-applications, advantages and disadvantages
  • Table 51. Electrochemical CO2 reduction products
  • Table 52. CO2 derived products via electrochemical conversion-applications, advantages and disadvantages
  • Table 53. CO2 derived products via biological conversion-applications, advantages and disadvantages
  • Table 54. Companies developing and producing CO2-based polymers
  • Table 55. Companies developing mineral carbonation technologies
  • Table 56. Market overview for CO2 derived fuels
  • Table 57. Microalgae products and prices
  • Table 58. Main Solar-Driven CO2 Conversion Approaches
  • Table 59. Companies in CO2-derived fuel products
  • Table 60. Commodity chemicals and fuels manufactured from CO2
  • Table 61. Companies in CO2-derived chemicals products
  • Table 62. Carbon capture technologies and projects in the cement sector
  • Table 63. Companies in CO2 derived building materials
  • Table 64. Market challenges for CO2 utilization in construction materials
  • Table 65. Companies in CO2 Utilization in Biological Yield-Boosting
  • Table 66. Applications of CCS in oil and gas production
  • Table 67. CO2 EOR/Storage Challenges
  • Table 68. Storage and utilization of CO2
  • Table 69. Global depleted reservoir storage projects
  • Table 70. Global CO2 ECBM storage projects
  • Table 71. CO2 EOR/storage projects
  • Table 72. Global storage sites-saline aquifer projects
  • Table 73. Global storage capacity estimates, by region

List of Figures

  • Figure 1. Carbon emissions by sector
  • Figure 2. Overview of CCUS market
  • Figure 3. Pathways for CO2 use
  • Figure 4. Regional capacity share 2022-2030
  • Figure 5. Global investment in carbon capture 2010-2022, millions USD
  • Figure 6. Carbon Capture, Utilization, & Storage (CCUS) Market Map
  • Figure 7. CCS deployment projects, historical and to 2035
  • Figure 8. Existing and planned CCS projects
  • Figure 9. CCUS Value Chain
  • Figure 10. Schematic of CCUS process
  • Figure 11. Pathways for CO2 utilization and removal
  • Figure 12. A pre-combustion capture system
  • Figure 13. Carbon dioxide utilization and removal cycle
  • Figure 14. Various pathways for CO2 utilization
  • Figure 15. Example of underground carbon dioxide storage
  • Figure 16. Transport of CCS technologies
  • Figure 17. Railroad car for liquid CO2 transport
  • Figure 18. Estimated costs of capture of one metric ton of carbon dioxide (Co2) by sector
  • Figure 19. Cost of CO2 transported at different flowrates
  • Figure 20. Cost estimates for long-distance CO2 transport
  • Figure 21. CO2 capture and separation technology
  • Figure 22. Global capacity of point-source carbon capture and storage facilities
  • Figure 23. Global carbon capture capacity by CO2 source, 2021
  • Figure 24. Global carbon capture capacity by CO2 source, 2030
  • Figure 25. Global carbon capture capacity by CO2 endpoint, 2021 and 2030
  • Figure 26. Post-combustion carbon capture process
  • Figure 27. Postcombustion CO2 Capture in a Coal-Fired Power Plant
  • Figure 28. Oxy-combustion carbon capture process
  • Figure 29. Liquid or supercritical CO2 carbon capture process
  • Figure 30. Pre-combustion carbon capture process
  • Figure 31. Amine-based absorption technology
  • Figure 32. Pressure swing absorption technology
  • Figure 33. Membrane separation technology
  • Figure 34. Liquid or supercritical CO2 (cryogenic) distillation
  • Figure 35. Process schematic of chemical looping
  • Figure 36. Calix advanced calcination reactor
  • Figure 37. Fuel Cell CO2 Capture diagram
  • Figure 38. Microalgal carbon capture
  • Figure 39. Cost of carbon capture
  • Figure 40. CO2 capture capacity to 2030, MtCO2
  • Figure 41. Capacity of large-scale CO2 capture projects, current and planned vs. the Net Zero Scenario, 2020-2030
  • Figure 42. Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) process
  • Figure 43. CO2 captured from air using liquid and solid sorbent DAC plants, storage, and reuse
  • Figure 44. Global CO2 capture from biomass and DAC in the Net Zero Scenario
  • Figure 45. DAC technologies
  • Figure 46. Schematic of Climeworks DAC system
  • Figure 47. Climeworks' first commercial direct air capture (DAC) plant, based in Hinwil, Switzerland
  • Figure 48. Flow diagram for solid sorbent DAC
  • Figure 49. Direct air capture based on high temperature liquid sorbent by Carbon Engineering
  • Figure 50. Global capacity of direct air capture facilities
  • Figure 51. Global map of DAC and CCS plants
  • Figure 52. Schematic of costs of DAC technologies
  • Figure 53. DAC cost breakdown and comparison
  • Figure 54. Operating costs of generic liquid and solid-based DAC systems
  • Figure 55. Schematic of biochar production
  • Figure 56. CO2 non-conversion and conversion technology, advantages and disadvantages
  • Figure 57. Applications for CO2
  • Figure 58. Cost to capture one metric ton of carbon, by sector
  • Figure 59. Life cycle of CO2-derived products and services
  • Figure 60. Co2 utilization pathways and products
  • Figure 61. Plasma technology configurations and their advantages and disadvantages for CO2 conversion
  • Figure 62. LanzaTech gas-fermentation process
  • Figure 63. Schematic of biological CO2 conversion into e-fuels
  • Figure 64. Econic catalyst systems
  • Figure 65. Mineral carbonation processes
  • Figure 66. Conversion route for CO2-derived fuels and chemical intermediates
  • Figure 67. Conversion pathways for CO2-derived methane, methanol and diesel
  • Figure 68. CO2 feedstock for the production of e-methanol
  • Figure 69. Schematic illustration of (a) biophotosynthetic, (b) photothermal, (c) microbial-photoelectrochemical, (d) photosynthetic and photocatalytic (PS/PC), (e) photoelectrochemical (PEC), and (f) photovoltaic plus electrochemical (PV+EC) approaches for CO2 c
  • Figure 70. Audi synthetic fuels
  • Figure 71. Conversion of CO2 into chemicals and fuels via different pathways
  • Figure 72. Conversion pathways for CO2-derived polymeric materials
  • Figure 73. Conversion pathway for CO2-derived building materials
  • Figure 74. Schematic of CCUS in cement sector
  • Figure 75. Carbon8 Systems' ACT process
  • Figure 76. CO2 utilization in the Carbon Cure process
  • Figure 77. Algal cultivation in the desert
  • Figure 78. Example pathways for products from cyanobacteria
  • Figure 79. Typical Flow Diagram for CO2 EOR
  • Figure 80. Large CO2-EOR projects in different project stages by industry
  • Figure 81. Carbon mineralization pathways
  • Figure 82. CO2 Storage Overview - Site Options
  • Figure 83. CO2 injection into a saline formation while producing brine for beneficial use
  • Figure 84. Subsurface storage cost estimation
  • Figure 85. Air Products production process
  • Figure 86. Aker carbon capture system
  • Figure 87. ALGIECEL PhotoBioReactor
  • Figure 88. Schematic of carbon capture solar project
  • Figure 89. Aspiring Materials method
  • Figure 90. Aymium's Biocarbon production
  • Figure 91. Carbonminer technology
  • Figure 92. Carbon Blade system
  • Figure 93. CarbonCure Technology
  • Figure 94. Direct Air Capture Process
  • Figure 95. CRI process
  • Figure 96. PCCSD Project in China
  • Figure 97. Orca facility
  • Figure 98. Process flow scheme of Compact Carbon Capture Plant
  • Figure 99. Colyser process
  • Figure 100. ECFORM electrolysis reactor schematic
  • Figure 101. Dioxycle modular electrolyzer
  • Figure 102. Fuel Cell Carbon Capture
  • Figure 103. Topsoe's SynCORTM autothermal reforming technology
  • Figure 104. Carbon Capture balloon
  • Figure 105. Holy Grail DAC system
  • Figure 106. INERATEC unit
  • Figure 107. Infinitree swing method
  • Figure 108. Audi/Krajete unit
  • Figure 109. Made of Air's HexChar panels
  • Figure 110. Mosaic Materials MOFs
  • Figure 111. Neustark modular plant
  • Figure 112. OCOchem's Carbon Flux Electrolyzer
  • Figure 113. ZerCaL™ process
  • Figure 114. CCS project at Arthit offshore gas field
  • Figure 115. RepAir technology
  • Figure 116. Soletair Power unit
  • Figure 117. Sunfire process for Blue Crude production
  • Figure 118. CALF-20 has been integrated into a rotating CO2 capture machine (left), which operates inside a CO2 plant module (right)
  • Figure 119. O12 Reactor
  • Figure 120. Sunglasses with lenses made from CO2-derived materials
  • Figure 121. CO2 made car part