封面
市场调查报告书
商品编码
1451633

2024-2032 年 AR 和 VR 智慧眼镜市场报告(按类型(光学透视、视讯透视)、最终用途(游戏产业、医疗保健、教育、军事和国防等)和地区

AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Report by Type (Optical See Through, Video See Through), End Use (Gaming Industry, Healthcare, Education, Military and Defense, and Others), and Region 2024-2032

出版日期: | 出版商: IMARC | 英文 144 Pages | 商品交期: 2-3个工作天内

价格

2023年全球AR和VR智慧眼镜市场规模达166亿美元。展望未来, IMARC Group预计到2032年市场规模将达到491亿美元,2024-2032年复合年增长率(CAGR)为12.44%。

VR(虚拟实境)和AR(扩增实境)眼镜是指弥合实体世界和数位世界之间差距的智慧眼镜。 AR眼镜有助于改变图像或修改现实世界的视图,同时帮助使用者完成日常任务并让他们更有效地表达自己。相较之下,VR眼镜提供了身临其境的虚拟体验,让使用者感受到身临其境的体验。借助 AR 和 VR 眼镜,佩戴者可以远端记录静态图像、视频和音频,实时分享他们的观点,免提访问信息,交换资料并增强他们的现实世界。此外,使用者可以透过这些眼镜分析与周围环境相关的资讯。因此,AR和VR智慧眼镜可以增强甚至取代企业供应链内的现有技术解决方案,从而提高工作场所效率、生产力和合规性。

AR和VR智慧眼镜市场趋势:

该市场主要由 AR 和 VR 技术在电子商务、医​​疗保健、军事和国防以及教育等众多最终用途行业中的广泛采用所推动。这可以归因于人工智慧 (AI)、机器学习 (ML) 和物联网 (IoT) 与巨量资料和分析相结合的不断进步。与此一致的是,对扩增实境和虚拟实境游戏的广泛需求以及游戏玩家数量的不断增加,导致全球范围内产品的采用率更高。此外,快速的数位化、高速5G网路的日益普及以及行动应用的快速发展也创造了积极的市场前景。持续的产品创新进一步推动了市场,例如 3D 互动式内容与 360 度视讯的整合、增强的脸部和物件追踪以及更好的语音识别。推动市场发展的其他一些因素包括工业 4.0 的出现、快速工业化、可支配收入水准的提高以及广泛的研发 (R&D) 活动。

本报告回答的关键问题

  • 2023年全球AR和VR智慧眼镜市场规模有多大?
  • 2024-2032年全球AR和VR智慧眼镜市场的预期成长率是多少?
  • 推动全球AR和VR智慧眼镜市场的关键因素是什么?
  • COVID-19对全球AR和VR智慧眼镜市场有何影响?
  • 全球AR和VR智慧眼镜市场按类型划分如何?
  • 全球AR和VR智慧眼镜市场基于最终用途的划分如何?
  • 全球AR和VR智慧眼镜市场的重点区域有哪些?
  • 全球AR和VR智慧眼镜市场的主要参与者/公司有哪些?

目录

第一章:前言

第 2 章:范围与方法

  • 研究目的
  • 利害关係人
  • 资料来源
    • 主要资源
    • 二手资料
  • 市场预测
    • 自下而上的方法
    • 自上而下的方法
  • 预测方法

第 3 章:执行摘要

第 4 章:简介

  • 概述
  • 主要行业趋势

第 5 章:全球 AR 与 VR 智慧眼镜市场

  • 市场概况
  • 市场业绩
  • COVID-19 的影响
  • 市场预测

第 6 章:市场区隔:按类型

  • 光学透视
    • 市场走向
    • 市场预测
  • 影片透视
    • 市场走向
    • 市场预测

第 7 章:市场区隔:最终用途别

  • 博彩业
    • 市场走向
    • 市场预测
  • 卫生保健
    • 市场走向
    • 市场预测
  • 教育
    • 市场走向
    • 市场预测
  • 军事与国防
    • 市场走向
    • 市场预测
  • 其他的
    • 市场走向
    • 市场预测

第 8 章:市场区隔:按地区

  • 北美洲
    • 美国
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 加拿大
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
  • 亚太
    • 中国
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 日本
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 印度
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 韩国
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 澳洲
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 印尼
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 其他的
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
  • 欧洲
    • 德国
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 法国
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 英国
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 义大利
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 西班牙
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 俄罗斯
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 其他的
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
  • 拉丁美洲
    • 巴西
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 墨西哥
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
    • 其他的
      • 市场走向
      • 市场预测
  • 中东和非洲
    • 市场走向
    • 市场细分:按国家/地区
    • 市场预测

第 9 章:SWOT 分析

  • 概述
  • 优势
  • 弱点
  • 机会
  • 威胁

第 10 章:价值链分析

第 11 章:波特五力分析

  • 概述
  • 买家的议价能力
  • 供应商的议价能力
  • 竞争程度
  • 新进入者的威胁
  • 替代品的威胁

第 12 章:价格分析

第13章:竞争格局

  • 市场结构
  • 关键参与者
  • 关键参与者简介
    • Avegant Corp.
    • Everysight Ltd. (Elbit Systems Ltd.)
    • HTC Corporation
    • Kopin Corporation
    • Microsoft Corporation
    • Optinvent
    • Seiko Epson Corporation
    • Sony Interactive Entertainment LLC (Sony Group Corporation)
    • Vuzix
Product Code: SR112024A6306

The global AR and VR smart glasses market size reached US$ 16.6 Billion in 2023. Looking forward, IMARC Group expects the market to reach US$ 49.1 Billion by 2032, exhibiting a growth rate (CAGR) of 12.44% during 2024-2032.

VR (virtual reality) and AR (augmented reality) glasses refer to smart glasses that bridge the gap between the physical and digital worlds. AR glasses assist in changing images or modifying views of the real world while assisting users with everyday tasks and allowing them to express themselves more effectively. In contrast, VR glasses provide an immersive virtual experience, thus allowing users to feel the experience of being in an actual location. With AR and VR glasses, wearers can record still images, videos, and audio remotely, share their point of view in real-time, access information hands-free, exchange data, and augment their real world. Additionally, users can analyze information relevant to their surroundings through these glasses. As a result, AR and VR smart glasses can enhance and even replace existing technology solutions within enterprise supply chains, thereby enhancing workplace efficiency, productivity, and compliance.

AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Trends:

The market is majorly driven by the widespread adoption of AR and VR technology in numerous end-use industries, including e-commerce, healthcare, military and defense, and education. This can be attributed to continual advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML) and the internet of things (IoT) in combination with big data and analytics. In line with this, the widespread demand for augmented and virtual reality games, along with the rising number of gamers, are resulting in a higher product uptake on the global level. Moreover, rapid digitization, the increasing penetration of high-speed 5G internet, and rapid developments in mobile applications are also creating a positive market outlook. The market is further driven by continual product innovations, such as the integration of 3D interactive content with 360-degree video, enhanced face and object tracking, and better speech recognition. Some of the other factors providing an impetus to the market include the emergence of industry 4.0, rapid industrialization, inflating disposable income levels and extensive research and development (R&D) activities.

Key Market Segmentation:

IMARC Group provides an analysis of the key trends in each sub-segment of the global AR and VR smart glasses market report, along with forecasts at the global, regional and country level from 2024-2032. Our report has categorized the market based on type and end use.

Breakup by Type:

Optical See Through

Video See Through

Breakup by End Use:

Gaming Industry

Healthcare

Education

Military and Defense

Others

Breakup by Region:

North America

United States

Canada

Asia-Pacific

China

Japan

India

South Korea

Australia

Indonesia

Others

Europe

Germany

France

United Kingdom

Italy

Spain

Russia

Others

Latin America

Brazil

Mexico

Others

Middle East and Africa

Competitive Landscape:

The competitive landscape of the industry has also been examined along with the profiles of the key players being Avegant Corp., Everysight Ltd. (Elbit Systems Ltd.), HTC Corporation, Kopin Corporation, Microsoft Corporation, Optinvent, Seiko Epson Corporation, Sony Interactive Entertainment LLC (Sony Group Corporation) and Vuzix.

Key Questions Answered in This Report

  • 1. What was the size of the global AR and VR smart glasses market in 2023?
  • 2. What is the expected growth rate of the global AR and VR smart glasses market during 2024-2032?
  • 3. What are the key factors driving the global AR and VR smart glasses market?
  • 4. What has been the impact of COVID-19 on the global AR and VR smart glasses market?
  • 5. What is the breakup of the global AR and VR smart glasses market based on type?
  • 6. What is the breakup of the global AR and VR smart glasses market based on the end use?
  • 7. What are the key regions in the global AR and VR smart glasses market?
  • 8. Who are the key players/companies in the global AR and VR smart glasses market?

Table of Contents

1 Preface

2 Scope and Methodology

  • 2.1 Objectives of the Study
  • 2.2 Stakeholders
  • 2.3 Data Sources
    • 2.3.1 Primary Sources
    • 2.3.2 Secondary Sources
  • 2.4 Market Estimation
    • 2.4.1 Bottom-Up Approach
    • 2.4.2 Top-Down Approach
  • 2.5 Forecasting Methodology

3 Executive Summary

4 Introduction

  • 4.1 Overview
  • 4.2 Key Industry Trends

5 Global AR and VR Smart Glasses Market

  • 5.1 Market Overview
  • 5.2 Market Performance
  • 5.3 Impact of COVID-19
  • 5.4 Market Forecast

6 Market Breakup by Type

  • 6.1 Optical See Through
    • 6.1.1 Market Trends
    • 6.1.2 Market Forecast
  • 6.2 Video See Through
    • 6.2.1 Market Trends
    • 6.2.2 Market Forecast

7 Market Breakup by End Use

  • 7.1 Gaming Industry
    • 7.1.1 Market Trends
    • 7.1.2 Market Forecast
  • 7.2 Healthcare
    • 7.2.1 Market Trends
    • 7.2.2 Market Forecast
  • 7.3 Education
    • 7.3.1 Market Trends
    • 7.3.2 Market Forecast
  • 7.4 Military and Defense
    • 7.4.1 Market Trends
    • 7.4.2 Market Forecast
  • 7.5 Others
    • 7.5.1 Market Trends
    • 7.5.2 Market Forecast

8 Market Breakup by Region

  • 8.1 North America
    • 8.1.1 United States
      • 8.1.1.1 Market Trends
      • 8.1.1.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.1.2 Canada
      • 8.1.2.1 Market Trends
      • 8.1.2.2 Market Forecast
  • 8.2 Asia-Pacific
    • 8.2.1 China
      • 8.2.1.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.1.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.2 Japan
      • 8.2.2.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.2.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.3 India
      • 8.2.3.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.3.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.4 South Korea
      • 8.2.4.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.4.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.5 Australia
      • 8.2.5.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.5.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.6 Indonesia
      • 8.2.6.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.6.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.2.7 Others
      • 8.2.7.1 Market Trends
      • 8.2.7.2 Market Forecast
  • 8.3 Europe
    • 8.3.1 Germany
      • 8.3.1.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.1.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.2 France
      • 8.3.2.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.2.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.3 United Kingdom
      • 8.3.3.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.3.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.4 Italy
      • 8.3.4.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.4.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.5 Spain
      • 8.3.5.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.5.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.6 Russia
      • 8.3.6.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.6.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.3.7 Others
      • 8.3.7.1 Market Trends
      • 8.3.7.2 Market Forecast
  • 8.4 Latin America
    • 8.4.1 Brazil
      • 8.4.1.1 Market Trends
      • 8.4.1.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.4.2 Mexico
      • 8.4.2.1 Market Trends
      • 8.4.2.2 Market Forecast
    • 8.4.3 Others
      • 8.4.3.1 Market Trends
      • 8.4.3.2 Market Forecast
  • 8.5 Middle East and Africa
    • 8.5.1 Market Trends
    • 8.5.2 Market Breakup by Country
    • 8.5.3 Market Forecast

9 SWOT Analysis

  • 9.1 Overview
  • 9.2 Strengths
  • 9.3 Weaknesses
  • 9.4 Opportunities
  • 9.5 Threats

10 Value Chain Analysis

11 Porters Five Forces Analysis

  • 11.1 Overview
  • 11.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers
  • 11.3 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
  • 11.4 Degree of Competition
  • 11.5 Threat of New Entrants
  • 11.6 Threat of Substitutes

12 Price Analysis

13 Competitive Landscape

  • 13.1 Market Structure
  • 13.2 Key Players
  • 13.3 Profiles of Key Players
    • 13.3.1 Avegant Corp.
      • 13.3.1.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.1.2 Product Portfolio
    • 13.3.2 Everysight Ltd. (Elbit Systems Ltd.)
      • 13.3.2.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.2.2 Product Portfolio
    • 13.3.3 HTC Corporation
      • 13.3.3.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.3.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.3.3 Financials
    • 13.3.4 Kopin Corporation
      • 13.3.4.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.4.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.4.3 Financials
    • 13.3.5 Microsoft Corporation
      • 13.3.5.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.5.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.5.3 Financials
      • 13.3.5.4 SWOT Analysis
    • 13.3.6 Optinvent
      • 13.3.6.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.6.2 Product Portfolio
    • 13.3.7 Seiko Epson Corporation
      • 13.3.7.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.7.2 Product Portfolio
      • 13.3.7.3 Financials
      • 13.3.7.4 SWOT Analysis
    • 13.3.8 Sony Interactive Entertainment LLC (Sony Group Corporation)
      • 13.3.8.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.8.2 Product Portfolio
    • 13.3.9 Vuzix
      • 13.3.9.1 Company Overview
      • 13.3.9.2 Product Portfolio

List of Figures

  • Figure 1: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Major Drivers and Challenges
  • Figure 2: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Sales Value (in Billion US$), 2018-2023
  • Figure 3: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Billion US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 4: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Breakup by Type (in %), 2023
  • Figure 5: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Breakup by End Use (in %), 2023
  • Figure 6: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Breakup by Region (in %), 2023
  • Figure 7: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses (Optical See Through) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 8: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses (Optical See Through) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 9: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses (Video See Through) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 10: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses (Video See Through) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 11: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses (Gaming Industry) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 12: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses (Gaming Industry) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 13: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses (Healthcare) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 14: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses (Healthcare) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 15: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses (Education) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 16: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses (Education) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 17: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses (Military and Defense) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 18: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses (Military and Defense) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 19: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses (Other End Uses) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 20: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses (Other End Uses) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 21: North America: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 22: North America: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 23: United States: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 24: United States: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 25: Canada: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 26: Canada: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 27: Asia-Pacific: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 28: Asia-Pacific: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 29: China: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 30: China: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 31: Japan: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 32: Japan: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 33: India: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 34: India: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 35: South Korea: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 36: South Korea: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 37: Australia: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 38: Australia: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 39: Indonesia: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 40: Indonesia: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 41: Others: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 42: Others: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 43: Europe: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 44: Europe: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 45: Germany: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 46: Germany: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 47: France: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 48: France: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 49: United Kingdom: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 50: United Kingdom: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 51: Italy: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 52: Italy: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 53: Spain: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 54: Spain: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 55: Russia: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 56: Russia: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 57: Others: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 58: Others: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 59: Latin America: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 60: Latin America: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 61: Brazil: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 62: Brazil: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 63: Mexico: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 64: Mexico: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 65: Others: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 66: Others: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 67: Middle East and Africa: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2018 & 2023
  • Figure 68: Middle East and Africa: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Breakup by Country (in %), 2023
  • Figure 69: Middle East and Africa: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Figure 70: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses Industry: SWOT Analysis
  • Figure 71: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses Industry: Value Chain Analysis
  • Figure 72: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses Industry: Porter's Five Forces Analysis

List of Tables

  • Table 1: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Key Industry Highlights, 2023 & 2032
  • Table 2: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Forecast: Breakup by Type (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Table 3: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Forecast: Breakup by End Use (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Table 4: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market Forecast: Breakup by Region (in Million US$), 2024-2032
  • Table 5: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Competitive Structure
  • Table 6: Global: AR and VR Smart Glasses Market: Key Players