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市场调查报告书
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1910941

货柜航运：市场占有率分析、产业趋势与统计、成长预测（2026-2031）

Container Shipping - Market Share Analysis, Industry Trends & Statistics, Growth Forecasts (2026 - 2031)
出版日期: | 出版商: Mordor Intelligence | 英文 200 Pages | 商品交期: 2-3个工作天内

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简介目录

预计货柜航运市场将从 2025 年的 1,196.5 亿美元成长到 2026 年的 1,231.4 亿美元，到 2031 年将达到 1,420.7 亿美元，2026 年至 2031 年的复合年增长率为 2.92%。

货柜航运市场-IMG1

儘管贸易协定和电子商务正在补充潜在需求，但船队整体成长放缓、红海航线持续绕行以及不断增长的监管成本正在限制供应。航运公司正致力于提升网路可靠性，组成新的联盟，力求将准点率提升至90%或以上，同时将运力重新分配至最具韧性的航线。码头所有权持续扩张，以此作为对冲陆路拥挤开拓新收入来源的手段。虽然燃油成本波动仍然是影响盈利的关键因素，但双燃料新船订单和逐步提升的能源效率正在逐步降低单位排放和燃油消费量。在此背景下，随着技术应用和环境法规遵循的改变，货柜航运市场正从以货运量主导的收入结构转型为以效率主导的收入结构。

全球货柜航运市场趋势与洞察

国际贸易量增加

随着消费支出趋于稳定和库存补充週期恢復，全球商品贸易正在復苏，航运公司正将閒置运力重新部署到北美和地中海门户港口。经由红海绕行航线的延伸暂时吸收了过剩运力，在新船建造的同时维持了运费水准。港口停靠数据显示，美国东海岸枢纽港口的吞吐量实现了两位数的成长，这表明货柜航运市场具有快速调整货物流向的柔软性。虽然重新部署成本增加，但回程回程传输利用率的提高部分抵消了这种影响。永续的贸易成长仍然取决于家庭购买力和地缘政治紧张局势正常化的速度。

扩大自由贸易协定

欧盟与南方共同市场于2024年12月签署的协议预计将带来560亿欧元（618亿美元）的额外货物贸易，并重塑南大西洋的服务格局。已在圣塔斯港和布宜诺斯艾利斯港拥有码头的航运公司正在开发专用航线，以抢占以往在加勒比地区转运的港间货物。同时，美国墨​​加协定（USMCA）的条款正在加强北美地区的近距离，墨西哥枢纽处理美国货运量份额的不断增长便是明证。更广泛的区域化趋势正促使船队负责人减少对东西向长途干线航线的依赖，转而选择更短、更频繁的航线。从长远来看，货柜航运市场将受益于关税壁垒的降低和海关程序的统一，这将缩短货物停留时间并提高服务的可预测性。

燃油价格波动

预计到2024年，超低硫燃料（VLSF）的平均价格将达到每吨630美元。航运业纳入欧盟排放交易体系后，欧洲内部航运成本将增加每吨170至210美元。价格波动迫使业者透过燃料调整係数来调整运费，但这些调整往往落后于市场波动，从而降低了利润率。液化天然气（LNG）、甲醇和传统燃料油之间日益扩大的价格差异，使得多燃料筹资策略更加复杂。避险可以部分缓解成本衝击，但这需要并非所有业者都具备的高阶金融知识。因此，维修能源效率和降低航速仍然是货柜航运市场应对成本衝击的直接措施。

细分市场分析

到2025年，40英尺货柜市场将占总收入的50.62%，巩固其作为行业领先单元的地位，最大限度地提高船舶装载效率，并适应铁路和公路运输的规格要求。随着设备更新换代和内陆基础设施的改善（有利于高密度货柜的普及），40英尺货柜的市场规模预计将持续扩大。电子产品和服装托运人的强劲需求支撑了船队的运转率，而高密度货柜设计的持续生产则提高了单位装载率。港口对双吊装起重机的投资也进一步巩固了该尺寸货柜在营运上的优先地位。虽然20英尺货柜对于高密度货物和开发中国家基础设施受限的码头仍然至关重要，但随着托运人整合货物以降低每吨碳排放量，其相对份额预计将逐渐下降。 45英尺货柜等特殊尺寸货柜可满足托盘宽度货物的需求，但由于回程需求不足以及某些铁路走廊的兼容性问题，其应用受到限制。

40英尺货柜的成长也得益于数位化货柜追踪系统的普及，这些系统提高了从门到门的全程可视性，并帮助大宗零售商更有效率地进行库存规划。租赁公司正在加快船队更新，以采用智慧货柜技术，从而提高周转率并减少停机时间。这些因素共同作用，将使40英尺货柜在2031年之前继续主导货柜航运市场。

到2025年，通用货柜将占货运总量的63.40%，支撑大部分消费和工业贸易流量。然而，在对温控药品和生鲜食品持续需求的推动下，冷藏货柜预计将超越标准货柜，年复合成长率将达到3.36%。儘管资本成本不断上升，但隔热性能的提升、遥测技术的整合以及低耗电量正在提高冷藏运输服务的盈利。製药公司正将高价值生物製药的运输方式从空运转向海运，因为经过检验的低温运输运输路线能够在不影响产品品质的前提下降低成本。在食品供应链中，减少废弃物的趋势推动了越来越多的生鲜食品采用持续监控的高精度冷藏集装箱进行运输。因此，航运公司在新船设计中增加了冷藏货柜的安装位置，显示他们对持续的高端需求充满信心。儘管通用货柜市场正在成熟，但它仍然是货柜航运市场的核心，其驱动力是专注于防盗锁和端到端追踪的渐进式创新，而不是根本性的设计变革。

同时，基于二氧化碳的冷冻系统也改装，与老旧的氢氟碳化合物（HFC）冷冻系统相比，这些系统能效更高，全球暖化潜值更低。这些技术升级，加上食品和製药行业的监管推动，预计将使冷藏集装箱继续保持收入成长的领先地位。

货柜航运市场报告按货柜尺寸（20英尺标准箱、40英尺大箱、其他）、货柜类型（普通货物、冷藏货物）、运输方式（整箱运输、拼箱运输）、终端用户行业（消费品及零售、製造及汽车等）和地区（北美、南美、亚太、欧洲、中东和非洲）进行细分。市场预测以美元以金额为准。

区域分析

到2025年，亚太地区将占全球收入的40.55%，巩固其作为货柜航运市场製造和出口中心的地位。中国持续近5%的GDP成长速度以及上海、宁波舟山和釜山等港口自动化进程的加速推进，支撑了该地区的舱位需求。在东协供应链整合和电子元件流通的推动下，亚洲内部贸易航线的班次成长最为显着。北海航线作为亚欧之间夏季货物运输的替代选择，增强了运输的韧性，但由于破冰船短缺和地缘政治风险，其应用仍受到限制。对内陆铁路网络和自由贸易区的持续投资支撑着该地区的强劲发展前景，预计到2031年，该地区的复合年增长率将达到4.12%。

受零售补货和电履约需求的推动，北美2024年货柜进口量预计将恢復13.1%。由于西海岸劳动力市场面临挑战，东海岸门户港口如萨凡纳和纽约-新泽西港受益于货主多元化经营，以及为容纳更大的新巴拿马型船舶而加深的航道。墨西哥西海岸的拉萨罗·卡德纳斯港透过铁路与美国中西部地区相连，并吸引了来自亚洲的直飞航班。长滩码头的维修在于打造零排放的堆场设施，以符合州政府的法规，并提升该地区货柜航运市场的绿色环保特性。儘管潜在的劳资谈判会带来短期波动，但陆上库存缓衝和近岸外包的结构性趋势将支撑中期成长。

欧洲的情况喜忧参半。鹿特丹和安特卫普-布鲁日等北部枢纽在经历了2023年的低迷之后，仅出现了小幅增长。同时，由于绕过了苏伊士运河，地中海中转枢纽的货运量激增了约30%。儘管FuelEU海事和欧盟排放交易体系（ETS）框架增加了监管成本，但这仍然扩大了南欧货柜航运市场的规模。对港口社区系统和多式联运铁路走廊的投资改善了与内陆目的地的连接，但如果地中海枢纽在危机期间成为绕行路线的溢出阀，拥堵风险仍然存在。虽然与英国脱欧相关的海关摩擦已经趋于稳定，但与2021年之前的水平相比，英国门户港口处理的直达东亚货运量仍然较低。

其他福利：

  • Excel格式的市场预测（ME）表
  • 3个月的分析师支持

目录

第一章 引言

  • 研究假设和市场定义
  • 调查范围

第二章调查方法

第三章执行摘要

第四章 市场情势

  • 市场概览
  • 市场驱动因素
    • 国际贸易量增加
    • 扩大自由贸易协定
    • 电子商务的快速容器化
    • 国际海事组织2023年碳排放法规推动船队更新
    • 北方海路可行性研究（北方海路）
    • 基于人工智慧的路线规划和日程管理
  • 市场限制
    • 燃油价格波动
    • 地缘政治贸易摩擦不断升级
    • 港口周边拥挤造成的长期瓶颈
    • 对数位船岸系统的网路攻击
  • 价值/供应链分析
  • 监管环境
  • 技术展望
  • 波特五力模型
    • 新进入者的威胁
    • 买方的议价能力
    • 供应商的议价能力
    • 替代品的威胁
    • 竞争对手之间的竞争
  • 定价分析

第五章 市场规模及成长预测（价值，十亿美元）

  • 按容器尺寸
    • 20英尺（标准货柜）
    • 40 英尺（FEU）
    • 其他的
  • 按容器类型
    • 一般的
    • 冷藏
  • 透过服务
    • 整箱货（FCL）
    • 拼箱
  • 按最终用户行业划分
    • 消费品和零售
    • 製造业和汽车业
    • 医疗和药品
    • 电子电器设备
    • 工业化学品和原料
    • 其他的
  • 按地区
    • 北美洲
      • 美国
      • 加拿大
      • 墨西哥
    • 南美洲
      • 巴西
      • 秘鲁
      • 智利
      • 阿根廷
      • 南美洲其他地区
    • 亚太地区
      • 印度
      • 中国
      • 日本
      • 澳洲
      • 韩国
      • 东南亚（新加坡、马来西亚、泰国、印尼、越南、菲律宾）
      • 亚太其他地区
    • 欧洲
      • 英国
      • 德国
      • 法国
      • 西班牙
      • 义大利
      • 比荷卢经济联盟（比利时、荷兰、卢森堡）
      • 北欧国家（丹麦、芬兰、冰岛、挪威、瑞典）
      • 其他欧洲地区
    • 中东和非洲
      • 阿拉伯聯合大公国
      • 沙乌地阿拉伯
      • 南非
      • 奈及利亚
      • 其他中东和非洲地区

第六章 竞争情势

  • 市场集中度
  • 策略趋势
  • 市占率分析
  • 公司简介
    • MSC Mediterranean Shipping Company
    • AP Moller-Maersk
    • CMA CGM
    • COSCO Shipping Lines
    • Hapag-Lloyd
    • ONE（Ocean Network Express）
    • Evergreen Marine
    • Yang Ming
    • HMM Co.
    • PIL（Pacific International Lines）
    • ZIM Integrated Shipping
    • OOCL
    • Wan Hai Lines
    • Matson
    • X-Press Feeders
    • SITC International
    • Zhonggu Logistics
    • Antong Holdings
    • Hyundai Merchant Marine
    • IRISL Group

第七章 市场机会与未来展望

简介目录
Product Code: 72039

The Container Shipping Market is expected to grow from USD 119.65 billion in 2025 to USD 123.14 billion in 2026 and is forecast to reach USD 142.07 billion by 2031 at 2.92% CAGR over 2026-2031.

Container Shipping - Market - IMG1

Slower fleet-wide speed, ongoing Red Sea diversions, and an expanded regulatory cost base are moderating supply even as trade agreements and e-commerce replenish underlying demand. Carriers are concentrating on network reliability, with new alliance formations targeting on-time performance above 90% while reallocating capacity toward the most resilient corridors. Terminal ownership continues to rise as a defensive hedge against landside congestion and as a lever to capture new revenue pools. Fuel cost volatility remains the primary profitability swing factor, yet dual-fuel newbuild orders and incremental efficiency upgrades are gradually lowering per-unit emissions and bunker consumption. Against this backdrop, the container shipping market is transitioning from rate-driven earnings to efficiency-driven returns as technology adoption and environmental compliance reshape operating models.

Global Container Shipping Market Trends and Insights

Rising Volume of International Trade

World merchandise trade is recovering on the back of stabilizing consumer spending and restocking cycles, prompting carriers to redeploy idle capacity onto North American and Mediterranean gateways. Longer voyage distances caused by Red Sea detours have temporarily absorbed excess tonnage, protecting rate integrity even as new vessels deliver. Port call data show double-digit throughput rebounds at U.S. East Coast hubs, highlighting the flexibility of the container shipping market to redirect flows quickly. Equipment repositioning costs have increased, yet higher backhaul utilization is offsetting part of the burden. The durability of trade growth remains linked to household purchasing power and to how swiftly geopolitical flashpoints normalize.

Expansion of Free-Trade Agreements

The EU-Mercosur deal, concluded in December 2024, is set to unlock EUR 56 billion (USD 61.80 billion) in additional goods trade and reshape South Atlantic services. Carriers that already control terminals in Santos and Buenos Aires are preparing dedicated loops to capture origin-destination volumes that were traditionally transshipped in the Caribbean. Simultaneously, USMCA provisions are reinforcing North American near-shoring, a trend visible in the rising share of Mexican gateways handling U.S.-bound cargo. Broader regionalization is nudging fleet planners to design shorter, high-frequency strings instead of relying solely on long-haul east-west trunk routes. Over the long term, the container shipping market benefits from lower tariff barriers as well as harmonized customs processes that reduce dwell times and enhance service predictability.

Volatile Bunker Fuel Prices

Very-Low-Sulfur Fuel Oil averaged USD 630 / t in 2024, and the inclusion of shipping in the EU Emissions Trading System has added USD 170-210 / t for intra-European voyages. Price gyrations compel carriers to adjust freight rates through bunker adjustment factors that often lag market swings, eroding margins. Wide spreads between LNG, methanol, and conventional bunkers complicate multi-fuel procurement strategies. Hedging offers partial relief but demands financial sophistication that not all operators possess. Consequently, energy efficiency retrofits and slow steaming remain immediate tools to absorb cost shocks within the container shipping market.

Other drivers and restraints analyzed in the detailed report include:

  1. Rapid E-commerce Containerization
  2. IMO 2023 Carbon Regulations Drive Fleet Renewal
  3. Escalating Geopolitical Trade Tensions

For complete list of drivers and restraints, kindly check the Table Of Contents.

Segment Analysis

The 40-foot segment held 50.62% of 2025 revenue, reflecting its status as the industry's workhorse unit that maximizes vessel stowage and aligns with rail and truck dimensions. The container shipping market size for 40-foot boxes is projected to grow alongside equipment replacement cycles and inland infrastructure upgrades that favor high-cube variants. Robust demand from electronics and apparel shippers reinforces fleet utilization, while sustained production of high-cube designs lifts per-unit load factors. Port-side investments in double-lift crane spreaders further cement the operational preference for this size. The 20-foot segment remains vital for dense commodities and infrastructure-limited terminals in developing economies, though its relative share is expected to edge lower as shippers consolidate loads to reduce per-tonne carbon footprints. Specialized sizes such as 45-foot units cater to pallet-wide cargo niches, yet their uptake is restricted by limited backhaul demand and compatibility gaps in certain rail corridors.

Growth in the 40-foot category is also supported by digitized container tracking, which improves door-to-door visibility and enables leaner inventory planning for high-volume retailers. Leasing companies are accelerating fleet renewal to incorporate smart-box technology, a move that enhances asset rotation and reduces idle time. Combined, these factors should keep the 40-foot segment at the core of the container shipping market through 2031.

General-purpose containers accounted for 63.40% of 2025 throughput, underpinning the bulk of consumer and industrial trade flows. However, reefer units are forecast to log a 3.36% CAGR, outpacing standard boxes on the back of sustained demand for temperature-controlled pharmaceuticals and perishables. Enhanced insulation, integrated telemetry, and lower power draw raise the profitability of refrigerated services despite higher capital costs. Pharmaceutical firms are shifting high-value biologics from air to ocean freight, lured by validated cold-chain corridors that deliver cost savings without compromising product integrity. In food supply chains, the push to cut waste is increasing the share of fresh produce shipped in high-accuracy reefers with continuous monitoring. Consequently, carriers are dedicating larger reefer plugs on newbuild designs, signaling confidence in sustained premium demand. The general-purpose segment, while mature, remains central to the container shipping market, with incremental innovation focused on theft-resistant locks and end-to-end tracking rather than on transformative design changes.

A parallel trend involves the retro-fitting of CO2-based refrigeration systems, improving energy efficiency and reducing global warming potential relative to older HFC units. These technology upgrades, combined with regulatory drivers in food and pharma, are likely to keep reefers at the forefront of revenue growth.

The Container Shipping Market Report is Segmented by Container Size (20-Foot TEU, 40-Foot FEU, Others), Container Type (General, Reefer), Service (Full-Container-Load FCL, Less-Than-Container-Load LCL), End-User Industry (FMCG & Retail, Manufacturing and Automotive, and More), and Geography (North America, South America, Asia-Pacific, Europe, Middle East and Africa). The Market Forecasts are Provided in Terms of Value USD.

Geography Analysis

Asia-Pacific commanded 40.55% of 2025 revenue, reinforcing its status as the manufacturing and export engine of the container shipping market. Chinese GDP expansion near 5% and accelerated port automation in Shanghai, Ningbo-Zhoushan, and Busan are sustaining the region's slot demand. Intra-Asian trade lanes are registering some of the highest frequency growth, propelled by ASEAN supply-chain integration and electronics component flows. The emergence of the Northern Sea Route as a summer alternative for Asia-Europe cargo offers an additional resilience layer, though uptake remains constrained by ice-class fleet scarcity and geopolitical risk. Continued investment in hinterland rail networks and free-trade zones supports a robust outlook, with the region projected to deliver a 4.12% CAGR through 2031.

North America experienced a 13.1% rebound in loaded container imports during 2024, led by retail restocking and e-commerce fulfillment demand. East Coast gateways such as Savannah and New York-New Jersey benefited from shipper diversification away from West Coast labor uncertainties and from deeper channel dredging that accommodates larger neo-Panamax vessels. Mexico's west-coast port of Lazaro Cardenas is attracting direct Asia services, offering rail connectivity into the U.S. Midwest. Long-beach terminal retrofits emphasizing zero-emission yard equipment align with state regulations and bolster the environmental credentials of the container shipping market in the region. While potential labor negotiations pose near-term volatility, the structural trend toward onshore inventory buffers and near-shoring supports medium-term growth.

Europe's picture is mixed. Northern hubs such as Rotterdam and Antwerp-Bruges posted modest gains after a soft 2023, whereas Mediterranean transshipment hubs enjoyed volume windfalls of about 30% as carriers bypassed the Suez Canal. The container shipping market size in Southern Europe therefore expanded even as regulatory costs rose under the FuelEU Maritime and ETS frameworks. Investments in port community systems and intermodal rail corridors are improving hinterland connectivity, yet congestion risk lingers when Mediterranean hubs become overflow valves during crisis reroutes. Brexit-related customs friction has stabilized, although UK gateways continue to handle lower direct Far East services than before 2021.

  1. MSC Mediterranean Shipping Company
  2. A.P. Moller - Maersk
  3. CMA CGM
  4. COSCO Shipping Lines
  5. Hapag-Lloyd
  6. ONE (Ocean Network Express)
  7. Evergreen Marine
  8. Yang Ming
  9. HMM Co.
  10. PIL (Pacific International Lines)
  11. ZIM Integrated Shipping
  12. OOCL
  13. Wan Hai Lines
  14. Matson
  15. X-Press Feeders
  16. SITC International
  17. Zhonggu Logistics
  18. Antong Holdings
  19. Hyundai Merchant Marine
  20. IRISL Group

Additional Benefits:

  • The market estimate (ME) sheet in Excel format
  • 3 months of analyst support

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 Introduction

  • 1.1 Study Assumptions and Market Definition
  • 1.2 Scope of the Study

2 Research Methodology

3 Executive Summary

4 Market Landscape

  • 4.1 Market Overview
  • 4.2 Market Drivers
    • 4.2.1 Rising volume of international trade
    • 4.2.2 Expansion of free-trade agreements
    • 4.2.3 Rapid e-commerce containerization
    • 4.2.4 IMO 2023 carbon regulations drive fleet renewal
    • 4.2.5 Arctic route viability (Northern Sea Route)
    • 4.2.6 AI-enabled predictive routing and scheduling
  • 4.3 Market Restraints
    • 4.3.1 Volatile bunker fuel prices
    • 4.3.2 Escalating geopolitical trade tensions
    • 4.3.3 Chronic port-side congestion bottlenecks
    • 4.3.4 Cyber-attacks on digital ship-to-shore systems
  • 4.4 Value / Supply-Chain Analysis
  • 4.5 Regulatory Landscape
  • 4.6 Technological Outlook
  • 4.7 Porter's Five Forces
    • 4.7.1 Threat of New Entrants
    • 4.7.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers
    • 4.7.3 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
    • 4.7.4 Threat of Substitutes
    • 4.7.5 Competitive Rivalry
  • 4.8 Pricing Analysis

5 Market Size and Growth Forecasts (Value, USD Bn)

  • 5.1 By Container Size
    • 5.1.1 20-Foot (TEU)
    • 5.1.2 40-Foot (FEU)
    • 5.1.3 Others
  • 5.2 By Container Type
    • 5.2.1 General
    • 5.2.2 Reefer
  • 5.3 By Service
    • 5.3.1 Full-Container-Load (FCL)
    • 5.3.2 Less-Than-Container-Load (LCL)
  • 5.4 By End-User Industry
    • 5.4.1 FMCG and Retail
    • 5.4.2 Manufacturing and Automotive
    • 5.4.3 Healthcare and Pharmaceuticals
    • 5.4.4 Electronics and Electrical Equipment
    • 5.4.5 Industrial Chemicals and Raw Materials
    • 5.4.6 Others
  • 5.5 By Geography
    • 5.5.1 North America
      • 5.5.1.1 United States
      • 5.5.1.2 Canada
      • 5.5.1.3 Mexico
    • 5.5.2 South America
      • 5.5.2.1 Brazil
      • 5.5.2.2 Peru
      • 5.5.2.3 Chile
      • 5.5.2.4 Argentina
      • 5.5.2.5 Rest of South America
    • 5.5.3 Asia-Pacific
      • 5.5.3.1 India
      • 5.5.3.2 China
      • 5.5.3.3 Japan
      • 5.5.3.4 Australia
      • 5.5.3.5 South Korea
      • 5.5.3.6 South East Asia (Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam, and Philippines)
      • 5.5.3.7 Rest of Asia-Pacific
    • 5.5.4 Europe
      • 5.5.4.1 United Kingdom
      • 5.5.4.2 Germany
      • 5.5.4.3 France
      • 5.5.4.4 Spain
      • 5.5.4.5 Italy
      • 5.5.4.6 BENELUX (Belgium, Netherlands, and Luxembourg)
      • 5.5.4.7 NORDICS (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden)
      • 5.5.4.8 Rest of Europe
    • 5.5.5 Middle East and Africa
      • 5.5.5.1 United Arab of Emirates
      • 5.5.5.2 Saudi Arabia
      • 5.5.5.3 South Africa
      • 5.5.5.4 Nigeria
      • 5.5.5.5 Rest of Middle East And Africa

6 Competitive Landscape

  • 6.1 Market Concentration
  • 6.2 Strategic Moves
  • 6.3 Market Share Analysis
  • 6.4 Company Profiles (includes Global level Overview, Market level overview, Core Segments, Financials as available, Strategic Information, Market Rank/Share for key companies, Products and Services, and Recent Developments)
    • 6.4.1 MSC Mediterranean Shipping Company
    • 6.4.2 A.P. Moller - Maersk
    • 6.4.3 CMA CGM
    • 6.4.4 COSCO Shipping Lines
    • 6.4.5 Hapag-Lloyd
    • 6.4.6 ONE (Ocean Network Express)
    • 6.4.7 Evergreen Marine
    • 6.4.8 Yang Ming
    • 6.4.9 HMM Co.
    • 6.4.10 PIL (Pacific International Lines)
    • 6.4.11 ZIM Integrated Shipping
    • 6.4.12 OOCL
    • 6.4.13 Wan Hai Lines
    • 6.4.14 Matson
    • 6.4.15 X-Press Feeders
    • 6.4.16 SITC International
    • 6.4.17 Zhonggu Logistics
    • 6.4.18 Antong Holdings
    • 6.4.19 Hyundai Merchant Marine
    • 6.4.20 IRISL Group

7 Market Opportunities and Future Outlook

  • 7.1 White-Space and Unmet-Need Assessment