市场调查报告书
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到2028年的热电联产系统市场预测—按容量、燃料类型、技术、最终用户和地区进行的全球分析Combined Heat & Power System Market Forecasts to 2028 - Global Analysis By Capacity, Fuel Type, Technology, End User and By Geography |
根据 Stratistics MRC 的数据,2022 年全球热电联产系统市场规模将达到 162.3 亿美元,预计到 2028 年将达到 263.4 亿美元。预计将以 8.4 %的复合年增长率增长。
热电联产 (CHP) 是一种利用单一燃料来源生产电力和热能的高效清洁方式。 热电联产可以在终端用户处或附近产生能量,产生能量时产生的热量可用于满足用户的热能需求,产生的能量可用于满足当地的全部或部分能源需求。可以实现。 对电力和热力有稳定需求的应用是热电联产装置的良好财务目标。
根据 IEA 的数据,中国是 2020 年煤炭需求增长的唯一主要经济体。 强劲的经济增长将支持 2021 年的电力需求,而后 COVID 刺激计划将支持钢铁、水泥和其他煤炭密集型工业产品的生产。
在使用点或附近发电称为分布式发电,过去,小型发电厂使用低压直流系统来分配电力。 分布式发电可以同时实现电力和机械工作。 分布式发电与集中式发电不同,集中式发电厂是永久固定的,并且在远离使用点的地方产生更高的容量。 分布式发电的主要参与者是燃气轮机。 就现场发电和备用电源所需的效率和可靠性而言,燃气轮机优于其他分布式发电系统。 因此,由于分布式发电的增长,热电联产市场看到了更大的机会,预计这将在预测期内加速市场增长。
安装需要大量的前期投资。 热电联产业务增长的一个主要障碍是典型的热电联产电厂的成本,这可能比容量和原动机相当的发电厂的成本高出约 240%。 由于由原动机、热回收系统、热蒸汽管道等许多部分组成的复杂结构,热电联产系统的维护成本也很高。 为了保持热电联产的高效率,所有组件都需要定期维护,这预计会推高整体维护成本并阻碍雾计算市场的增长。
政府的举措和激励措施预计将推动热电联产行业的扩张,尤其是在美国、英国、德国和日本等经合组织国家。 2012年,美国为提高能效采取了发展热电联产的新战略,时任美国总统还签署了一项行政命令,鼓励企业提高能效。 美国联邦政府和许多州政府为建立热电联产提供激励和税收优惠。 该指令呼吁环境保护署 (EPA)、美国能源部、商务部、农业部和其他联邦机构向各州提供商业和技术援助,以促进对工业能效的投资。我指示你们调整你们的努力提供。
CHP 工厂面临的主要挑战之一是了解气体预处理的重要性并製定相应的策略。 以沼气为燃料的热电联产系统具有燃气轮机、微型燃气轮机、往復式发动机和斯特林发动机等原动机,并通过在燃烧室中氧化甲烷来运行。 这会产生驱动活塞或涡轮机的热能,由此产生的轴功由发电机转化为电能。 当燃料电池运行时,甲烷被电化学氧化,在大多数情况下,甲烷是每个原动机的主要燃料。 硫化氢 (H2S)、一氧化碳 (CO) 和氨 (NH3) 等微量杂质对原动机的危害更大。 即使原动机可以处理少量杂质,如果杂质浓度高,热电联产的寿命也会长达数年。
由于为阻止感染传播而采取的封锁措施和极端旅行限制,COVID-19 大流行不仅对人类生活产生了重大负面影响,而且对全球经济也产生了重大负面影响。 许多行业的大量人员失去了工作,许多国家的许多行业的劳动力总数大幅减少。 因此,全球市场也受到了很大的影响,许多国家的各个行业的劳动力都大幅减少。 一些业内人士表示,由于 COVID-19 危机带来的延误,各种规模的热电联产项目都落后于计划。
在预测期内,与其他细分市场相比,天然气细分市场预计将占据最大份额。 按燃料种类分为天然气、煤炭、生物质等几类。 在预测期内,天然气板块有望在价值基础上保持领先地位。 推动该技术使用的关键因素包括努力降低总安装和运营成本,以及公共和私营部门对天然气发电厂项目建设的持续支持,推动市场增长。
市场根据技术大致分为联合循环、蒸汽轮机、燃气轮机、往復式发动机等。 到 2021 年,联合循环 CHP 系统预计将主导市场。 发电厂的联合循环系统利用废气中储存的余热来产生额外的能量,从而减少能量损失。 联合循环热电联产系统的整体工厂效率提高到近 50%,而传统汽轮机工厂和燃气轮机工厂的效率分别提高了约 40% 和 35%,这对于推动全球市场扩张非常重要。
欧洲热电联产系统市场的收入份额在全球市场占据主导地位,预计在预测期内这种主导地位将继续存在。 支撑 CHP 市场区域前景的主要因素是,由于气候环境的变化以及燃料适应性带来的机械不断改进,对区域能源(供暖和製冷)系统的需求不断增加。 此外,廉价的资金计划和回扣、研发激励、严格的热电联产安装实践以及具有成本效益的减排战略概述是支持全球市场的关键因素。
亚太地区有望在预测期内呈现最快的增长速度。 由于该地区快速工业化、城市化和市场对清洁燃料能源的需求不断增长,新兴国家正在出现新的热电联产系统。 例如,在印度安得拉邦斯里城启动的 Bert Mobil Gas 示范计划,就是由 Bert Energy GmbH 发布的。 此外,工业锅炉和发电厂的环境法规、能源效率的提高以及有利的天然气供应和价格前景预计将推动该地区热电联产系统的安装。
2021 年 7 月,Capstone Green Energy 在纽约签署了一份为期 10 年的 1.2MWs 微型涡轮机服务合同。 这座摩天大楼的 1.2MW 能效设备由两台 Capstone C600S 微型涡轮机和 Capstone 的集成热回收模块组成。
2021 年 3 月,欧洲海洋能源中心 (EMEC) 与高地和岛屿机场有限公司 (HIAL) 合作,利用绿色氢技术使柯克沃尔机场的热电联产脱碳。
2020年8月,TEDOM与BOSCH Thermotechnik签署热电联产系统供货协议。 两家组织之间的安排包含了一份中小型热电联产机组的清单,这些机组燃烧普通汽油,电力输出为 30-530 千瓦。 这项新的合作将使 Buderas 能够扩展其产品组合,并提供功率更低和更高的热电联产装置。 BOSCH Thermotechnik 迄今为止为其提供热电联产产品的 Buderus Loganova 装置的所有布置将被 TEDOM CHP 装置取代。
2020 年 10 月,西门子能源向泰莱公司位于美国印第安纳州拉斐特的食品加工厂交付了两台 SGT-700 燃气轮机。 这两台涡轮机将构成另一项综合热电联产活动的基础,以取代燃煤锅炉。 通过就近发电和再利用原本会被浪费的热量,新的热电联产活动可以提高能源生产率并显着降低能源成本和化石燃料产品差异。
According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Combined Heat & Power System Market is accounted for $16.23 billion in 2022 and is expected to reach $26.34 billion by 2028 growing at a CAGR of 8.4% during the forecast period. Combined Heat and Power (CHP) is a productive and clean way to deal with creating electric power and thermal power from a single fuel source. CHP creates energy at or close to the end user's location so that the heat emitted during energy creation can be used to satisfy the user's requirement for heat while the energy created satisfies all or some of the location's energy needs. Applications with steady demands for electrical and thermal energy make excellent financial targets for CHP adoption.
According to IEA, China is the only major economy where coal demand increased in 2020. Strong economic growth underpins electricity demand in 2021, while post-COVID stimuli measures support production of steel, cement and other coal-intensive industrial products.
Power creation at or near the point of usage is known as distributed generation. Previously, electricity was distributed using low-voltage DC systems at small power plants. Electrical power and mechanical work can both be accomplished with distributed generation. Distributed generation is distinct from centralized power generation, where plants are always fixed and significantly higher-capacity generation occurs far from the point of use. A key component of the present arsenal of distributed power production technologies is the gas turbine. Gas turbines outperform other distributed generation systems in terms of efficiency and dependability for onsite generation requirements and backup power capacity. As a result, the market for CHP is presented with a significant opportunity due to the growth of distributed power generation, which will accelerate market growth over the course of the forecast period.
Installation requires a significant upfront capital investment. A key barrier to the growth of the CHP business is the cost of a typical CHP plant, which can be about 240% higher than the cost of a power production plant with equivalent capacity and a prime mover. Due to the complicated construction of the system, which comprises many components like a prime mover, a heat recovery system, and heat and steam pipes, CHP systems also have substantial maintenance expenses. To maintain the CHP's high efficiency, all of its components must undergo routine maintenance, which drives up overall maintenance expenses, which are projected to impede the fog computing market's growth.
Government initiatives and incentives are anticipated to fuel the expansion of the CHP sector, especially in OECD nations like the US, UK, Germany, Japan, and others. A new strategy for the development of CHP for energy efficiency was adopted by the US in 2012, and the then-US President also signed an executive order to encourage energy efficiency in businesses. For CHP installations, the US federal government and a number of state governments have offered incentives and tax breaks. The directive instructs the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the US Departments of Energy, Commerce, and Agriculture, and other federal agencies to coordinate their efforts to provide commercial and technical assistance to states in order to encourage investments in industrial energy efficiency.
One of the major challenges facing CHP plants is understanding the significance of gas pre-treatment and developing a strategy for it. Biogas-fuelled CHP systems have prime movers, such as a gas turbine, a micro gas turbine, a reciprocating engine, or a Stirling engine, and operate by oxidizing methane in a combustion chamber. This generates thermal energy and drives a piston or turbine, and the resulting shaft work is converted to electricity in a generator. Methane is oxidized electrochemically by fuel cells when they operate, and in most cases, methane is the primary fuel in each prime mover. Trace impurities such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbon monoxide (CO), and ammonia (NH3) have more adverse effects on the prime mover. Even though the prime mover can handle a small amount of these impurities, a higher concentration of impurities reduces the life of the CHP to just a few years.
Due to lockdown measures and extreme travel restrictions to stop its spread, the COVID-19 pandemic has not only had a large negative impact on human life but has also had a significant negative impact on the world economy. Many individuals across many industries have lost their jobs, and many nations have seen a considerable reduction in the total workforce across many industries. Since a result, the global market has also been significantly impacted, since numerous countries have experienced a major reduction in the labor force across many different business sectors. Several industry participants have stated that delays brought on by the COVID-19 crisis have resulted in various scale combined heat and power projects falling behind schedule.
The Natural gas segment is projected to witness the largest share as compared to other segments over the forecast period. Based on the type of fuel used, the market is divided into natural gas, coal, biomass, and other categories. During the forecast period, the natural gas segment will hold the top spot in terms of value. Key elements that encourage the use of the technology include initiatives aimed at lowering total installation and operational costs as well as ongoing support from public and private sources for the construction of natural gas power plant projects, thereby boosting market growth.
The market is essentially divided into combined cycle, steam turbine, gas turbine, reciprocating engine, and others based on technology. In 2021, combined-cycle CHP systems are anticipated to dominate the market. As they use leftover heat stored in exhaust gases to generate additional electricity, combined cycle systems in power plants reduce energy losses. The overall efficiency of the plant rises to nearly 50% with these systems, compared to about 40% for conventional steam turbine plants and 35% for gas turbine plants, which is a crucial factor fostering the expansion of the global market.
The European combined heat and power system market dominated the global market in terms of revenue share, and it is anticipated that this dominance will continue over the course of the forecasted period. The key factors supporting the regional perspective of the CHP market are the rising need for district energy (heating and cooling) systems under changing climatic circumstances as well as ongoing mechanical improvements derived from fuel adaptability. In addition, affordable funding programs and rebates, encouraging R&D initiatives, thorough CHP installation instructions, and outlines of strategies for cost-effective reduction are some of the key aspects supporting the global market.
During the forecast period, Asia-Pacific is anticipated to have the fastest growth rate. New combined heat and power systems have been created in emerging economies as a result of the region's rapid industrialization, urbanization, and rising market demand for clean fuel energy. For instance, the Bert Mobil Gas demo plan, which was inaugurated in Sri City, Andhra Pradesh, India, was made public by Bert Energy GmbH. Additionally, it is anticipated that environmental restrictions for industrial boilers and power plants, improved energy efficiency, and a favourable natural gas supply and price outlook will encourage the installation of cogeneration systems throughout the region.
Some of the key players in Combined Heat & Power System Market include 2G Energy Inc., ABB Limited, Aegis Energy Services LLC, Bosch Thermotechnology Ltd., Capstone Turbine Corporation, Caterpillar Inc., CENTRAX Gas Turbines, Centrica PLC, Clarke Energy Inc., Cummins Inc., Doosan Fuel Cell America, Inc., Elite Energy Systems, LLC, ENER-G Rudox and Veolia, FuelCell Energy Inc., Generac Holdings Inc., General Electric Company, Integral Power, Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd, MAN Diesel & Turbo SE, Mitsubishi heavy Industries ltd., Primary Energy Recycling Corporation, Seimens Energy AG, Tecogen Inc., Veolia, Viessmann Werke Group GmbH & Co. KG and Wartsila Oyj Abp
In July 2021, Capstone Green Energy signed a 10-year service contract for 1.2 MWs of micro-turbines in New York City. The skyscraper's 1.2 MW energy efficiency plant consists of two Capstone C600S micro turbines with Capstone's Integrated Heat Recovery Modules.
In March 2021, The European Marine Energy Centre (EMEC) and Highlands and Islands Airports Limited (HIAL) partnered to decarbonise combined heat and power at Kirkwall Airport through green hydrogen technology.
In August 2020, TEDOM and BOSCH Thermotechnik signed a contract to supply combined heat and power units. The arrangement between the two organizations incorporates the stock of little and medium-sized CHP units burning normal gasoline with an electrical output of 30-530 kW. Buderus can extend its portfolio and offer CHP units with lower and higher results with this new collaboration. The whole arrangement of Buderus Loganova units, under which BOSCH Thermotechnik has up to this point offered its cogeneration items, will be supplanted by TEDOM CHP units.
In October 2020, Siemens Energy conveyed two SGT-700 gas turbines for a food fixing handling plant that Tate and Lyle possessed in Lafayette, Indiana, U.S. The two turbines will be the foundation of another consolidated CHP activity supplanting its coal-terminated boilers. By producing power nearby and recuperating heat that would typically be squandered, the new CHP activity will expand energy productivity and significantly diminish energy expenses and fossil fuel by-products.