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市场调查报告书
商品编码
1971042

可填充式除臭剂市场－全球产业规模、份额、趋势、机会、预测：按类型、分销管道、地区和竞争格局划分，2021-2031年

Refillable Deodorants Market - Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, Segmented By Type (Refillable Spray Deodorant, Refillable Stick Deodorant), By Distribution Channel (Online, Offline), By Region & Competition, 2021-2031F
出版日期: | 出版商: TechSci Research | 英文 180 Pages | 商品交期: 2-3个工作天内

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简介目录

全球可填充式除臭剂市场预计将从 2025 年的 3.446 亿美元成长到 2031 年的 5.1631 亿美元，复合年增长率为 6.97%。

这些个人保健产品采用耐用、可重复使用的容器，并配有可替换的香氛盒，其明确目标是减少一次性塑胶废弃物。这项市场扩张的主要驱动力源自于消费者偏好零浪费和永续生活方式的根本性转变，以及企业对循环经济原则的严格遵守。这些核心驱动因素不同于转瞬即逝的美学潮流，代表着消费模式和生产标准的持续变革，旨在显着降低全球个人护理产业对环境的影响。

市场概览
预测期 2027-2031
市场规模：2025年 3.446亿美元
市场规模：2031年 5.1631亿美元
复合年增长率：2026-2031年 6.97%
成长最快的细分市场 在线的
最大的市场 北美洲

儘管市场发展势头强劲，但改变根深蒂固的消费者习惯仍面临诸多挑战。一次性产品的便利性往往超过了可填充系统的初始成本和所需投入。此外，耐用型施用器的高昂初始成本也阻碍了其在註重成本地区的普及。然而，主要市场的普及指标显示出令人鼓舞的迹象。法国化妆品协会（FEBEA）的数据显示，到2025年，59%的法国女性将购买可填充化妆品，这显示消费者对永续包装解决方案的接受度很高。这将直接推动可填充除臭剂市场的成长。

市场驱动因素

消费者对无塑胶和永续包装的需求激增，是全球可重复填充除臭剂市场的主要驱动力。这种结构性转变代表消费者有意从一次性塑胶转向耐用容器，迫使品牌开发能够维持产品功效的零浪费系统。这些产品的快速普及凸显了循环经济价值观的强劲成长动能。正如《食品杂货商》（The Grocer）2025年10月发布的报告《灌装革命：2025年个人护理趋势》中所述，女性可重复灌装除臭剂在主要零售商销售的第一年就占据了约10%的市场份额。这一即时的成功表明，对环保个人保健产品的需求正在成为主流，促使製造商优先考虑可重复填充设计，而非传统的单次使用产品。

此外，针对一次性塑胶废弃物的严格法规正发挥关键的推动作用，将永续性从消费者的选择提升为企业的义务。世界各国政府正在製定法律，系统性地强制零售商在实体店面实施可重复灌装模式，以减少环境污染。根据食品包装论坛2025年1月发布的关于欧洲理事会最终版《塑胶包装废弃物条例》（PPWR）的报告，到2030年，零售面积超过400平方公尺的经销商将被要求至少将10%的店铺面积用于设置可重复灌装站。这项监管措施为法规企业创造了盈利的环境。例如，《富比士》2025年4月发表的一篇报导《联合利华收购Wild》报道称，可重复灌装的除臭剂品牌Wild的年销售额达到了4690万英镑，这充分证明了适应市场变化所带来的经济效益。

市场挑战

全球可替换装除臭剂市场面临的主要障碍在于，消费行为难以改变，他们仍优先考虑一次性产品的即时性和经济性。儘管永续性受到重视，但「一次性文化」的实用优势依然存在。消费者习惯从购买到丢弃的无缝线性流程，而替换装系统带来的额外麻烦（例如清洁施用器、存放耐用外壳、获取专用墨盒等）是其广泛普及的大规模障碍。耐用施用器较高的初始成本进一步加剧了这种阻力，使注重预算的消费者认为，从短期来看，一次性产品才是更经济的选择。

这些根深蒂固的消费模式使得可填充产品难以在环保意识较强的消费者群体之外广受认可。一次性产品的普遍偏好体现在大量未经再利用就被丢弃的包装垃圾上。根据英国美容协会报告，到2024年，约95%的化妆品包装最终将成为废弃物。这一数字凸显了可填充除臭剂生产商必须打破的线性消费习惯的规模，也表明即使有永续的选择，目前的便利性仍然主导着大部分市场。

市场趋势

随着消费者对不含铝且用途广泛的除臭产品（不仅限于腋下）的需求日益增长，可替换装全身除臭产品的兴起正在从根本上改变市场格局。这一趋势显着拓展了产品的应用范围，使可替换装品牌能够为胸部、足底和私密部位等区域提供除臭效果，从而扩大了其潜在市场规模。为了满足这项需求，製造商正在扩展其替换装产品线，提供可搭配可重复使用施用器的乳霜、喷雾和润唇膏等产品。这些产品不再仅被视为卫生用品，而是被定位为全身护理解决方案。这种转变的强劲势头也体现在线上搜寻数据中。根据《化妆品商业》（Cosmetics Business）2025年4月刊报导，预计2024年至2025年间，全球「全身除臭产品」的搜寻将激增1000%，这表明市场对多功能配方产品存在巨大的未满足需求。

同时，透过拓展实体店和全通路零售，可替换装品牌正在克服其DTC（直接面向消费者）策略的限制。虽然最初的成长依赖线上订阅，但如今它们正积极与大型美妆零售商和百货公司合作，以解决诸如配送繁琐和香水试用等挑战。这些实体店在吸引怀疑的消费者和衝动型消费者方面发挥着至关重要的作用，透过将永续的替代品与标准的一次性产品并列展示，提升了主流市场对该品类的认知度。这种策略转变需要对货架空间和库存管理进行大量投资。正如BeautyMatter在2025年2月发布的“AKT London: FUTURE50 2025”报告中所强调的那样，一家高端除臭剂品牌在A资金筹措，从一家小众线上公司转型为一家“个人表现公司”，并在欧盟和美国拓展零售业务。

目录

第一章概述

第二章：调查方法

第三章执行摘要

第四章：客户心声

第五章：可填充式除臭剂的全球市场展望

  • 市场规模及预测
    • 按金额
  • 市占率及预测
    • 依类型（可替换装喷雾式止汗剂、可替换装固体止汗剂）
    • 分销通路（线上、线下）
    • 按地区
    • 按公司（2025 年）
  • 市场地图

第六章：北美可填充式除臭剂市场展望

  • 市场规模及预测
  • 市占率及预测
  • 北美洲：国别分析
    • 我们
    • 加拿大
    • 墨西哥

第七章：欧洲可填充式除臭剂市场展望

  • 市场规模及预测
  • 市占率及预测
  • 欧洲：国别分析
    • 德国
    • 法国
    • 英国
    • 义大利
    • 西班牙

第八章：亚太地区可填充式除臭剂市场展望

  • 市场规模及预测
  • 市占率及预测
  • 亚太地区：国别分析
    • 中国
    • 印度
    • 日本
    • 韩国
    • 澳洲

第九章：中东和非洲可填充式除臭剂市场展望

  • 市场规模及预测
  • 市占率及预测
  • 中东与非洲：国别分析
    • 沙乌地阿拉伯
    • 阿拉伯聯合大公国
    • 南非

第十章：南美洲可填充式除臭剂市场展望

  • 市场规模及预测
  • 市占率及预测
  • 南美洲：国别分析
    • 巴西
    • 哥伦比亚
    • 阿根廷

第十一章 市场动态

  • 促进因素
  • 任务

第十二章 市场趋势与发展

  • 併购
  • 产品发布
  • 近期趋势

第十三章：全球可填充式除臭剂市场：SWOT分析

第十四章：波特五力分析

  • 产业竞争
  • 新进入者的潜力
  • 供应商的议价能力
  • 顾客权力
  • 替代品的威胁

第十五章 竞争格局

  • Unilever Plc.
  • The Procter & Gamble Company
  • By Humankind, Inc.
  • Grove Collaborative, Inc.
  • Noniko
  • Myro
  • ASUVI Pty Ltd.
  • Lekkerineenpotje BV
  • Fussy Ltd
  • Proverb 7 Ltd.

第十六章 策略建议

第十七章：关于研究公司及免责声明

简介目录
Product Code: 24770

The Global Refillable Deodorants Market is projected to expand from USD 344.60 Million in 2025 to USD 516.31 Million by 2031, reflecting a CAGR of 6.97%. These personal care items feature durable, reusable housings designed for replaceable fragrance cartridges, explicitly created to reduce single-use plastic waste. This market expansion is primarily fueled by a fundamental change in consumer preferences toward zero-waste, sustainable lifestyles and strict corporate adherence to circular economy principles. These core drivers are distinguishable from fleeting aesthetic trends, representing a lasting shift in consumption patterns and manufacturing norms intended to substantially lower the environmental impact of the global personal care industry.

Market Overview
Forecast Period2027-2031
Market Size 2025USD 344.60 Million
Market Size 2031USD 516.31 Million
CAGR 2026-20316.97%
Fastest Growing SegmentOnline
Largest MarketNorth America

Despite this forward momentum, the market encounters substantial obstacles in changing ingrained consumer habits, as the ease of disposable options often outweighs the initial cost and effort required for refillable systems. Furthermore, the high initial price of durable applicators acts as a deterrent to widespread adoption in cost-conscious regions. Nonetheless, adoption metrics in major markets are encouraging. Data from the Federation des Entreprises de la Beaute (FEBEA) reveals that in 2025, 59% of French women purchased a refillable cosmetic item, signaling a strong acceptance of sustainable packaging solutions that directly supports the growth of the refillable deodorant sector.

Market Driver

The surging consumer appetite for plastic-free and sustainable packaging serves as the main engine driving the global refillable deodorants market. This structural evolution entails a deliberate move from single-use plastics to durable applicators, compelling brands to develop zero-waste systems that maintain product effectiveness. The swift adoption of these items underscores the strength of this shift toward circular economy values. As noted in 'Refillable revolution: trends in personal care 2025' by The Grocer in October 2025, the women's refillable deodorant segment secured roughly a 10% market share within its first year of major retail availability. This instant success highlights how thoroughly the demand for environmentally conscious personal care has permeated the mainstream, motivating manufacturers to favor refillable designs over conventional disposable alternatives.

Additionally, strict regulations targeting single-use plastic waste function as a crucial driver, elevating sustainability from a consumer choice to a corporate mandate. Governments are enacting laws requiring retailers to systematically incorporate refill models into their physical stores to reduce environmental pollution. According to the Food Packaging Forum's January 2025 report on the European Council's final PPWR provisions, distributors with retail spaces larger than 400 square meters are obligated to dedicate at least 10% of their area to refill stations by 2030. This regulatory push creates a profitable landscape for compliant companies; for instance, a Forbes article from April 2025 titled 'Unilever Acquires Wild' noted that the refillable deodorant brand Wild achieved annual sales of £46.9 million, confirming the economic success of aligning with these shifting market requirements.

Market Challenge

The main barrier hampering the Global Refillable Deodorants Market is the struggle to change entrenched consumer behaviors that prioritize the immediate affordability and convenience of disposable items. Although sustainability is becoming a more prominent value, the practical dominance of "throwaway culture" persists. Shoppers are habituated to the seamless linear process of buying and trashing items, making the added friction of refill systems-such as cleaning applicators, preserving durable cases, and obtaining specific cartridges-a significant obstacle to mass acceptance. This resistance is further amplified by the high upfront cost of durable applicators, which discourages budget-conscious consumers who view single-use options as more financially sensible in the immediate term.

The deep-rooted nature of these consumption patterns makes it challenging for refillable products to expand beyond niche, environmentally aware demographics. The prevalence of this preference for disposability is quantitatively demonstrated by the massive amount of packaging that is discarded rather than reused. As reported by the British Beauty Council, roughly 95% of cosmetic packaging was thrown away as waste in 2024. This figure highlights the scale of the linear consumption habits that manufacturers of refillable deodorants must dismantle, proving that despite the existence of sustainable options, the ease of the status quo continues to dictate the vast majority of market activity.

Market Trends

The rise of Whole-Body Refillable Deodorant Solutions is fundamentally altering the market landscape as consumers increasingly look for versatile, aluminum-free formulas usable beyond just the underarms. This trend marks a significant widening of product utility, offering odor protection for areas like the chest, feet, and intimate zones, thereby expanding the total addressable market for refillable brands. In response, manufacturers are broadening their refillable lines to include creams, sprays, and balms that work with reusable applicators, marketing these items as holistic body care solutions rather than mere hygiene essentials. The strength of this shift is reflected in online search data; according to the April 2025 Cosmetics Business article 'Why whole-body deodorants are elevating the category to fresh heights', global searches for 'whole-body deodorants' surged by 1,000% from 2024 to 2025, indicating vast unmet demand for multi-purpose formulations.

Simultaneously, the push into Brick-and-Mortar and Omnichannel Retail enables refillable brands to move past the constraints of direct-to-consumer (DTC) strategies. Although early growth relied on online subscriptions, brands are now actively establishing partnerships with major beauty retailers and department stores to address hurdles regarding shipping friction and scent testing. This physical availability validates the category for the broader market, placing sustainable choices right next to standard disposables to attract skeptics and impulse shoppers. This strategic shift necessitates substantial investment for shelf placement and inventory; as highlighted in BeautyMatter's 'AKT London: FUTURE50 2025' profile in February 2025, the premium deodorant brand secured $7 million in Series A funding expressly to power its evolution from a niche online entity to a 'personal performance company' with broadened retail operations in the EU and US.

Key Market Players

  • Unilever Plc.
  • The Procter & Gamble Company
  • By Humankind, Inc.
  • Grove Collaborative, Inc.
  • Noniko
  • Myro
  • ASUVI Pty Ltd.
  • Lekkerineenpotje BV
  • Fussy Ltd
  • Proverb 7 Ltd.

Report Scope

In this report, the Global Refillable Deodorants Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:

Refillable Deodorants Market, By Type

  • Refillable Spray Deodorant
  • Refillable Stick Deodorant

Refillable Deodorants Market, By Distribution Channel

  • Online
  • Offline

Refillable Deodorants Market, By Region

  • North America
    • United States
    • Canada
    • Mexico
  • Europe
    • France
    • United Kingdom
    • Italy
    • Germany
    • Spain
  • Asia Pacific
    • China
    • India
    • Japan
    • Australia
    • South Korea
  • South America
    • Brazil
    • Argentina
    • Colombia
  • Middle East & Africa
    • South Africa
    • Saudi Arabia
    • UAE

Competitive Landscape

Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies present in the Global Refillable Deodorants Market.

Available Customizations:

Global Refillable Deodorants Market report with the given market data, TechSci Research offers customizations according to a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report:

Company Information

  • Detailed analysis and profiling of additional market players (up to five).

Table of Contents

1. Product Overview

  • 1.1. Market Definition
  • 1.2. Scope of the Market
    • 1.2.1. Markets Covered
    • 1.2.2. Years Considered for Study
    • 1.2.3. Key Market Segmentations

2. Research Methodology

  • 2.1. Objective of the Study
  • 2.2. Baseline Methodology
  • 2.3. Key Industry Partners
  • 2.4. Major Association and Secondary Sources
  • 2.5. Forecasting Methodology
  • 2.6. Data Triangulation & Validation
  • 2.7. Assumptions and Limitations

3. Executive Summary

  • 3.1. Overview of the Market
  • 3.2. Overview of Key Market Segmentations
  • 3.3. Overview of Key Market Players
  • 3.4. Overview of Key Regions/Countries
  • 3.5. Overview of Market Drivers, Challenges, Trends

4. Voice of Customer

5. Global Refillable Deodorants Market Outlook

  • 5.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 5.1.1. By Value
  • 5.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 5.2.1. By Type (Refillable Spray Deodorant, Refillable Stick Deodorant)
    • 5.2.2. By Distribution Channel (Online, Offline)
    • 5.2.3. By Region
    • 5.2.4. By Company (2025)
  • 5.3. Market Map

6. North America Refillable Deodorants Market Outlook

  • 6.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 6.1.1. By Value
  • 6.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 6.2.1. By Type
    • 6.2.2. By Distribution Channel
    • 6.2.3. By Country
  • 6.3. North America: Country Analysis
    • 6.3.1. United States Refillable Deodorants Market Outlook
      • 6.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 6.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 6.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 6.3.1.2.1. By Type
        • 6.3.1.2.2. By Distribution Channel
    • 6.3.2. Canada Refillable Deodorants Market Outlook
      • 6.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 6.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 6.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 6.3.2.2.1. By Type
        • 6.3.2.2.2. By Distribution Channel
    • 6.3.3. Mexico Refillable Deodorants Market Outlook
      • 6.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 6.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 6.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 6.3.3.2.1. By Type
        • 6.3.3.2.2. By Distribution Channel

7. Europe Refillable Deodorants Market Outlook

  • 7.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 7.1.1. By Value
  • 7.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 7.2.1. By Type
    • 7.2.2. By Distribution Channel
    • 7.2.3. By Country
  • 7.3. Europe: Country Analysis
    • 7.3.1. Germany Refillable Deodorants Market Outlook
      • 7.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.1.2.1. By Type
        • 7.3.1.2.2. By Distribution Channel
    • 7.3.2. France Refillable Deodorants Market Outlook
      • 7.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.2.2.1. By Type
        • 7.3.2.2.2. By Distribution Channel
    • 7.3.3. United Kingdom Refillable Deodorants Market Outlook
      • 7.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.3.2.1. By Type
        • 7.3.3.2.2. By Distribution Channel
    • 7.3.4. Italy Refillable Deodorants Market Outlook
      • 7.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.4.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.4.2.1. By Type
        • 7.3.4.2.2. By Distribution Channel
    • 7.3.5. Spain Refillable Deodorants Market Outlook
      • 7.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.5.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.5.2.1. By Type
        • 7.3.5.2.2. By Distribution Channel

8. Asia Pacific Refillable Deodorants Market Outlook

  • 8.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 8.1.1. By Value
  • 8.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 8.2.1. By Type
    • 8.2.2. By Distribution Channel
    • 8.2.3. By Country
  • 8.3. Asia Pacific: Country Analysis
    • 8.3.1. China Refillable Deodorants Market Outlook
      • 8.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.1.2.1. By Type
        • 8.3.1.2.2. By Distribution Channel
    • 8.3.2. India Refillable Deodorants Market Outlook
      • 8.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.2.2.1. By Type
        • 8.3.2.2.2. By Distribution Channel
    • 8.3.3. Japan Refillable Deodorants Market Outlook
      • 8.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.3.2.1. By Type
        • 8.3.3.2.2. By Distribution Channel
    • 8.3.4. South Korea Refillable Deodorants Market Outlook
      • 8.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.4.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.4.2.1. By Type
        • 8.3.4.2.2. By Distribution Channel
    • 8.3.5. Australia Refillable Deodorants Market Outlook
      • 8.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.5.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.5.2.1. By Type
        • 8.3.5.2.2. By Distribution Channel

9. Middle East & Africa Refillable Deodorants Market Outlook

  • 9.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 9.1.1. By Value
  • 9.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 9.2.1. By Type
    • 9.2.2. By Distribution Channel
    • 9.2.3. By Country
  • 9.3. Middle East & Africa: Country Analysis
    • 9.3.1. Saudi Arabia Refillable Deodorants Market Outlook
      • 9.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 9.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 9.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 9.3.1.2.1. By Type
        • 9.3.1.2.2. By Distribution Channel
    • 9.3.2. UAE Refillable Deodorants Market Outlook
      • 9.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 9.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 9.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 9.3.2.2.1. By Type
        • 9.3.2.2.2. By Distribution Channel
    • 9.3.3. South Africa Refillable Deodorants Market Outlook
      • 9.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 9.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 9.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 9.3.3.2.1. By Type
        • 9.3.3.2.2. By Distribution Channel

10. South America Refillable Deodorants Market Outlook

  • 10.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 10.1.1. By Value
  • 10.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 10.2.1. By Type
    • 10.2.2. By Distribution Channel
    • 10.2.3. By Country
  • 10.3. South America: Country Analysis
    • 10.3.1. Brazil Refillable Deodorants Market Outlook
      • 10.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 10.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.1.2.1. By Type
        • 10.3.1.2.2. By Distribution Channel
    • 10.3.2. Colombia Refillable Deodorants Market Outlook
      • 10.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 10.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.2.2.1. By Type
        • 10.3.2.2.2. By Distribution Channel
    • 10.3.3. Argentina Refillable Deodorants Market Outlook
      • 10.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 10.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.3.2.1. By Type
        • 10.3.3.2.2. By Distribution Channel

11. Market Dynamics

  • 11.1. Drivers
  • 11.2. Challenges

12. Market Trends & Developments

  • 12.1. Merger & Acquisition (If Any)
  • 12.2. Product Launches (If Any)
  • 12.3. Recent Developments

13. Global Refillable Deodorants Market: SWOT Analysis

14. Porter's Five Forces Analysis

  • 14.1. Competition in the Industry
  • 14.2. Potential of New Entrants
  • 14.3. Power of Suppliers
  • 14.4. Power of Customers
  • 14.5. Threat of Substitute Products

15. Competitive Landscape

  • 15.1. Unilever Plc.
    • 15.1.1. Business Overview
    • 15.1.2. Products & Services
    • 15.1.3. Recent Developments
    • 15.1.4. Key Personnel
    • 15.1.5. SWOT Analysis
  • 15.2. The Procter & Gamble Company
  • 15.3. By Humankind, Inc.
  • 15.4. Grove Collaborative, Inc.
  • 15.5. Noniko
  • 15.6. Myro
  • 15.7. ASUVI Pty Ltd.
  • 15.8. Lekkerineenpotje BV
  • 15.9. Fussy Ltd
  • 15.10. Proverb 7 Ltd.

16. Strategic Recommendations

17. About Us & Disclaimer